揭开未就业的面纱:城镇贫困人口的就业障碍及其政策应对  

Unveiling Unemployment:Barriers to Employment for the Urban Poor and Their Policy Responses

作　　者：王燊成 Wang Shencheng

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)社会和生态文明教研部 [2]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)“铸牢中华民族共同体意识”研究基地

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2023年第7期74-90,146,147,共19页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“行为社会政策视域下社会救助对象积极就业研究”(22CSH096)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：促进城镇贫困人口就业既是实现更加充分更高质量就业的基本要求,也是激活贫困人口内生动力的重要途径。本文通过对质性材料的白描发现,城镇贫困人口的就业障碍主要表现为三个方面:一是劳动力市场分割、社会排斥以及家庭照顾影响下的机会障碍;二是低受教育水平、差健康状况以及缺乏就业经验影响下的能力障碍;三是福利利益驱动与心理认知局限影响下的意愿障碍。本文建议,政策应对要具有针对性、个性化,细化措施并嵌入相应的障碍解决机制,实现靶向干预。Promoting the employment of the urban poor is both a basic requirement for achieving fuller and higher quality employment,and an important way to activate the endogenous motivation of the poor.This paper,through a description of qualitative materials,finds that the barriers to employment of the urban poor are manifested in three main areas:firstly,the barriers of opportunity due to labour market segmentation,social exclusion and family care;secondly,the barriers of ability due to low education level,poor health and lack of employment experience;and thirdly,the barriers of willingness due to welfare benefit drive and psychological cognitive limitations.This paper suggests that policy responses need to be targeted and individualized,with measures refined and embedded in the corresponding barrier resolution mechanisms to achieve targeted intervention.

关 键 词：城镇贫困人口 未就业 就业障碍 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]