光照塑料垃圾的升级降解  

Degradation of plastic wastes to commercial chemicals and monomers under visible light

作　　者：孟娇龙 周怡琳 李道季 姜雪峰 Jiaolong Meng;Yilin Zhou;Daoji Li;Xuefeng Jiang(State Key Laboratory of Molecular&Process Engineering,School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry,Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Molecular&Process Engineering,School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry,Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2023年第14期1522-1530,M0004,共10页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22125103 and 21971065);the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22JC1401000 and 20XD1421500)。

摘　　要：塑料在日常生活中发挥着不可替代的作用,但其持久耐用的性质却导致其在自然环境下难以降解的困扰,随之带来的环境污染问题令人担忧.人们对塑料的回收利用进行了大量的科学尝试,其中废塑料回收为化学品及单体的化学回收策略引起了人们的广泛关注.本文通过铀酰光催化的协同机制,在室温条件下,将9种塑料低能耗地解聚为商业化学品和单体.该策略兼容水和氧气,展现出塑料降解的巨大工业应用前景.不仅如此,该工作还包括将5种聚苯乙烯类混合塑料转化为高值产品,这将大大减少垃圾分拣分类的工作,创造社会经济效益.本文还从扫描电子显微镜成像的变化、X射线衍射图的差异、水接触角的变化和分子量的动态分布等方面描述了降解过程.单电子转移、氢原子转移和氧原子转移协同参与铀酰光催化,机理研究结果证实了这一点.基于自主开发的光流体设备,将废弃塑料化学回收提升至公斤级降解,实现了塑料小瓶到商业化学品的高效转化,颇具实际应用价值.Plastics are playing an incrementally extensive and irreplaceable role in human life,but with alarming cyclic unsustainability.Numerous attempts have been undertaken to recycle plastics,among which chemical recycling from waste plastics back to chemicals and monomers has attracted great attention.Herein,the depolymerization of nine types of plastics to commercial chemicals and monomers was achieved under ambient conditions via synergetic integrated uranyl-photocatalysis,which contains a process for converting five kinds of mixed plastics into a value-added product.The degradation processes were depicted in terms of variation in scanning electron microscopy imaging,distinction in the X-ray diffraction pattern,alteration in water contact angle,and dynamic in molecular weight distribution.Single electron transfer,hydrogen atom transfer,and oxygen atom transfer were synergistically involved in uranyl-photocatalysis,which were substantiated by mechanistic studies.Relying on flow system design,the chemical recycling of plastics was feasible for kilogram-scale degradation of postconsumer-waste polyethylene terephthalate bottles to commercial chemicals,displaying a promising practical application potential in the future.

关 键 词：水接触角 塑料垃圾 扫描电子显微镜 单电子转移 废弃塑料 光催化 回收利用 动态分布 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]