邻苯二甲酸对橡胶树RRIM600种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Phthalic Acid on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Rubber Tree RRIM600

作　　者：王纪坤[1,2] 安锋 周立军[1,2] 彭文涛 程琳琳[1,2] 谢贵水 WANG Jikun;AN Feng;ZHOU Lijun;PENG Wentao;CHENG Linlin;XIE Guishui(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Hainan Dan-zhou Tropical Agro-ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571701 [2]海南儋州热带农业生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第8期1615-1623,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(No.CARS-33-ZP1);海南省科技项目(No.ZDYF2020072)。

摘　　要：根系分泌物是植物自毒物质的重要来源之一,研究表明邻苯二甲酸是一种公认的自毒物质,也是橡胶树根系分泌物中含量较高的物质之一。为探究邻苯二甲酸对橡胶树自身是否具有自毒作用,考察不同浓度(0.05、0.50、1.00、2.00 mmol/L)邻苯二甲酸溶液对橡胶树RRIM600种子萌发、幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:(1)不同浓度邻苯二甲酸均推迟橡胶树种子的初始萌发时间,对种子发芽率、发芽速率和萌发整齐度均存在抑制作用,且浓度越高抑制作用越强,与对照相比,2.00 mmol/L邻苯二甲酸处理的发芽率、发芽指数、发芽速率、发芽势分别下降了23.60%、42.75%、37.18%、58.69%。(2)不同浓度邻苯二甲酸均抑制橡胶树芽长、芽粗、根粗的生长,减少了幼苗生物量的积累;在0.05~2.00 mmol/L浓度范围内,芽长、芽粗、根粗、芽重和根重分别下降了12.91%~40.70%、 20.05%~21.59%、 7.89%~34.13%、16.18%~26.47%、20.00%~36.00%。(3)随邻苯二甲酸浓度增加,橡胶树幼苗细胞膜脂过氧化程度逐渐加重,丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)含量逐渐增加;游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量也逐渐增加。(4)橡胶树幼苗色素含量和过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性随邻苯二甲酸浓度增加呈现先增加后减少的趋势,而超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)活性随邻苯二甲酸浓度增加而逐渐减少;0.05mmol/L的邻苯二甲酸促进幼苗叶绿素b的积累,降低了叶绿素a含量,并提高CAT活性,降低了POD和SOD活性;当浓度达到0.50 mmol/L时,叶绿素a、叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素含量积累至最大,POD和SOD活性持续下降;在2.00mmol/L时,所有色素含量和3种抗氧化酶活性均降至最低。综上,邻苯二甲酸推迟了橡胶树RRIM600种子初始萌发时间,降低种子萌发率和萌发速率,导致橡胶树幼苗生理功能紊乱,并抑制生长发育。该研究结果可为客观评价邻苯二甲酸对橡胶树自毒�Root exudates are one of the important sources of plant autotoxic substances.Studies have shown that phthalic acid is a well known allelopathic autotoxic substance,and it is also one of the substances with higher content in rubber tree root exudates.In order to explore whether phthalic acid has an autotoxic effect on rubber tree,the effects of differ-ent concentrations(0.05,0.50,1.00,2.00 mmol/L)of phthalic acid solutions on the seed germination and seedling growth of rubber tree RRIM600 were investigated.Phthalic acid delayed the initial germination time of rubber tree seeds,and reduced the germination rate,germination speed and uniformity of seeds germination.Compared with the control,the germination rate,germination index,germination speed,and uniformity of seeds germination of 2.00 mmol/L phthalic acid trestment decreased by 23.60%,42.75%,37.18%,58.69%.All concentrations of phthalic acid treatment inhibited the growth of shoot length, diameter of shoot base, root diameter, and reduced the seedling biomass accumulation. In the concentration range of 0.05-2.00 mmol/L, the shoot length, diameter of shoot base, root diameter, shoot weight and root weight reduced by 12.91% to 40.70%, 20.05% to 21.59%, 7.89% to 34.13%, 16.18% to 26.47%, 20.00% to 36.00%. The content of soluble sugar, proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased gradually with the in-crease of phthalic acid concentration, along with the degree of cell membrane lipid peroxidation gradually increased. The pigment content and catalase (CAT) activity of rubber tree seedlings increased first and then decreased with the increase of phthalic acid treatment concentration, while peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities decreased with the increase of phthalic acid treatment concentration. 0.05 mmol/L phthalic acid promoted the accumu-lation of chlorophyll b in seedlings, decreased the content of chlorophyll a, increased the activity of CAT, reduced POD and SOD activity. When the concentration reached 0.50 mmol, the content of chlorophyll a, t

关 键 词：邻苯二甲酸 橡胶树 种子萌发 生长 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]