Evolution of groundwater recharge-discharge balance in the Turpan Basin of China during 1959-2021  

作　　者：QIN Guoqiang WU Bin DONG Xinguang DU Mingliang WANG Bo 

机构地区：[1]College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China

出　　处：《Journal of Arid Land》2023年第9期1037-1051,共15页干旱区科学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China(2021D01A99);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51969029).

摘　　要：Groundwater overexploitation is a serious problem in the Turpan Basin,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China,causing groundwater level declines and ecological and environmental problems such as the desiccation of karez wells and the shrinkage of lakes.Based on historical groundwater data and field survey data from 1959 to 2021,we comprehensively studied the evolution of groundwater recharge and discharge terms in the Turpan Basin using the groundwater equilibrium method,mathematical statistics,and GIS spatial analysis.The reasons for groundwater overexploitation were also discussed.The results indicated that groundwater recharge increased from 14.58×10^(8)m^(3)in 1959 to 15.69×10^(8)m^(3)in 1980,then continued to decrease to 6.77×10^(8)m^(3)in 2021.Groundwater discharge increased from 14.49×10^(8)m^(3)in 1959 to 16.02×10^(8)m^(3)in 1989,while continued to decrease to 9.97×10^(8)m^(3)in 2021.Since 1980,groundwater recharge-discharge balance has been broken,the decrease rate of groundwater recharge exceeded that of groundwater discharge and groundwater recharge was always lower than groundwater discharge,showing in a negative equilibrium,which caused the continuous decrease in groundwater level in the Turpan Basin.From 1980 to 2002,groundwater overexploitation increased rapidly,peaking from 2003 to 2011 with an average overexploitation rate of 4.79×10^(8)m^(3)/a;then,it slowed slightly from 2012 to 2021,and the cumulative groundwater overexploitation was 99.21×10^(8)m^(3)during 1980-2021.This research can provide a scientific foundation for the restoration and sustainable use of groundwater in the overexploited areas of the Turpan Basin.

关 键 词：groundwater overexploitation groundwater recharge groundwater discharge climate change human activities Turpan Basin 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]