玉米“价补分离”政策效果评价及优化对策  

MULTI-OBJECTIVE STATUS AND OPTIMIZATION SUGGESTIONS OF THE CORN"PRICE-SUBSIDY SEPARATION"POLICY

作　　者：郭力[1] 桑梦洋 GUO Li;SANG Mengyang(School of Economics and Trade,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学经济贸易学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期11-17,共7页Journal of Henan University of Technology:Social Science Edition

基　　金：河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目(2024-ZZJH-221);河南省高等学校哲学社会科学应用研究重大项目(2022-YYZD-05);河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划项目(2019-cx-019)。

摘　　要：自2016年对东北三省和内蒙古东四盟玉米实行“价补分离”政策以来,并没有根本解决临时收储政策下粮价倒挂与“三量齐增”困境,对下游企业的成本负担改善有限,财政补贴效率仍然存在提升空间。原因在于:玉米“价补分离”政策补贴依据设计忽略了农业生产效率提升目标,下游企业仅是玉米“价补分离”政策的间接获益对象,补贴政策的多重目标与补贴运作机制间缺乏配合。为此,提出玉米“价补分离”政策补贴发放依据增添农业生产效率提升指标、协同产业链内各类补贴优惠形成政策互补、改进补贴具体运作机制以提高财政资金效率等优化建议。The grain temporary stockpiling policy has effectively ensured an increase in grain production and farmers′income.But it also caused the food price inversion,the three"Quantity"increase,the increased cost burden of downstream enterprises,the increased public financial pressure,the emergence of imbalances in the planting structure and other problems.In 2016,to resolve the above-mentioned problems,the first doc-ument of the Central Committee put forward the principle of"Separating price from subsidy in accordance with market pricing,actively and prudently pushing forward the reform of the corn purchasing and stockpiling sys-tem".However,in the actual implementation of the policy of"Price-subsidy separation",there is no funda-mental solution to the"Three-quantity increase"problem caused by"Food price inversion".At the same time,the cost burden of downstream processing enterprises still exists.However,the full use of financial sub-sidies resources has the improvement room.The main reasons for the deviation are that the agricultural pro-duction efficiency still needs to be improved,the downstream enterprises can only enjoy the policy dividend indirectly,and the market-oriented function of subsidy operation details is not enough.To this end,we pro-pose the following policies:from the agricultural production efficiency to promote the price and subsidy sepa-ration,coordinating the industrial chain of various subsidies and preferences to form a comprehensive policy,improving the operating mechanism of subsidy policy and weakening the intervention of market function to pro-mote policy optimization from three angles.

关 键 词：玉米 价补分离 农业效率 

分 类 号：F812.8[经济管理—财政学] F323.7