中国4省区3岁儿童超重肥胖现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the current situation and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among 3-year-old children in four provinces and regions of China

作　　者：张春莹 赵薇[1] 潘晓平[1] 黄爱群[1] ZHANG Chun-ying;ZHAO Wei;PAN Xiao-ping;HUANG Ai-qun(Maternal and Child Health Center,China Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100081

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第17期3156-3161,3190,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解监测地区3岁儿童超重肥胖现状,探讨影响儿童超重肥胖的因素。方法对2015年9月—2019年6月中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心开展的母婴健康动态追踪监测项目中2352例儿童随访数据进行统计分析。采用χ^(2)检验对监测地区儿童超重肥胖的影响因素进行组间率的比较,并将单因素分析差异有统计学意义的变量纳入二分类logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果监测地区3岁儿童超重、肥胖总检出率分别为14.12%、3.10%。4省监测地区儿童超重或肥胖检出率范围分别为10.19%~17.79%、1.75%~4.57%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,儿童出生体重、母亲孕前BMI、地区是3岁儿童超重和肥胖的独立影响因素。出生体重≥4000 g(OR=1.603,95%CI:1.115~2.303)、母亲孕前BMI≥24 kg/m2(OR=1.997,95%CI:1.551~2.572)的儿童超重和肥胖可能性更大。相比于辽宁省监测地区,福建省监测地区3岁儿童超重肥胖率较小(OR=0.606,95%CI:0.435~0.844)。结论4省监测地区3岁儿童超重和肥胖较为突出,尤其是超重率处于较高水平,且存在地区差异。应针对性地加强对监测地区儿童体重的动态监测,实施改善母亲孕前超重和肥胖干预措施,以降低监测地区儿童超重肥胖率。Objective To understand the current situation and investigate the influencing factors of overweight and obesity among 3-year-old children in surveillance area.Methods The follow-up data of 2352 children in the maternal and child health monitoring project carried out by the Maternal and Child Health Center of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from September 2015 to June 2019 were statistically analyzed.The intergroup rates of the influencing factors of overweight and obesity in children in the surveillance area were compared by using theχ^(2) test,and the variables with statistically significant differences in univariate analysis were included in the binary logistic regression model for multivariate analysis.Results The total detection rates of overweight and obesity in 3-year-old children in the monitoring area were 14.12%and 3.10%,respectively.The detection rates of overweight or obesity among children in the monitoring areas of the four provinces were 10.19%-17.79%and 1.75%-4.57%,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that children’s birth weight,maternal BMI before pregnancy,and area were independent influencing factors of overweight and obesity in 3-year-old children.Children with birth weight≥4000g(OR=1.603,95%CI:1.115-2.303)and mothers with BMI≥24 kg/m2(OR=1.997,95%CI:1.551-2.572)before pregnancy were more likely to be overweight and obese.Compared with the surveillance area of Liaoning Province,the rate of overweight and obesity of 3-year-old children in Fujian Province was lower(OR=0.606,95%CI:0.435-0.844).Conclusion The overweight and obesity of 3-year-old children in the surveillance areas of 4 provinces are notable.The overweight rate is at a high level,and there are regional differences.We should strengthen the dynamic monitoring of the weight of children in the monitoring area and implement intervention measures to reduce maternal overweight and obesity before pregnancy in order to reduce the rate of overweight and obesity of children in the monitoring area.

关 键 词：儿童 超重肥胖 影响因素 监测 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]