超疏水-超亲油三聚氰胺海绵的制备及其油水分离性能研究  

Preparation and performance of superhydrophobic⁃superlipophilic melamine sponge for oil⁃water separation

作　　者：周龙 杜国勇[1] 邓春萍[1] ZHOU Long;DU Guoyong;DENG Chunping(College of Chemistry and Chemical Enginneering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学化学化工学院,成都610500

出　　处：《中国塑料》2023年第9期28-38,共11页China Plastics

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC1002);油气田应用化学四川省重点实验室开放基金项目(YQKF202122)。

摘　　要：采用了一种简单、高效和环保的方法用于油水分离,即采用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯(GO),通过简单的浸渍法和高温还原法将还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)先负载在三聚氰胺海绵(MS)上,再通过柴油加热MS,将长链烷烃负载在MS上,成功制备了超疏水-超亲油三聚氰胺海绵。rGO的加入能够增加海绵表面的粗糙度,长链烷烃的加入能降低海绵表面的表面能。改性MS具有良好的弹性性能、较好的热稳定性和吸油能力。油水分离性能测试表明,对各种油水混合物的分离效率可达97%以上。在泵提供动外力时可实现无搅拌状态下的静态连续油水分离和搅拌状态下的动态连续油水分离。改性MS具有良好的可重复使用性和化学稳定性,在20次使用后对各种油水混合物的分离效率可达70%以上,即使在不同pH值的水中,也可以实现油水分离,对水包正己烷乳液也能有效地分离。A simple,efficient,and environmentally friendly method was adopted for oil-water separation by means of the improved Hummers method for preparing graphene oxide(GO).The reduced GO(rGO)was first loaded on a melamine sponge(MS)by using a simple immersion method and a high temperature reduction method.Then,the MS was heated by a diesel oil,and the long chain alkanes were loaded on the MS.A superhydrophobic-superlipophilic sponge was successfully prepared.The addition of rGO increased the roughness of sponge surface,and the introduction of long-chain alkanes reduced the surface energy of sponge surface.The modified MS exhibited good performance in elas-ticity,thermal stability,and oil absorption.The oil-water separation performance test results indicated that a separation efficiency of over 97%was achieved for various oil-water mixtures.When the pump provided dynamic external force,a static continuous oil-water separation could be realized without stirring and dynamic continuous oil-water separation under agitation.The modified MS presented good reusability and chemical stability after using for 20 times.Its separation effi-ciency for various oil-water mixtures reached more than 70%.Even in the water at different pH values,the oil-water separation could be realized,and n-hexane in water emulsion could be effectively separated.

关 键 词：氧化石墨烯 还原氧化石墨烯 长链烷烃 三聚氰胺海绵 超疏水-超亲油 油水分离 

分 类 号：TQ323[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]