添加活性炭或沸石粉对猪粪堆肥臭味气体释放量以及氮素转化的影响  

Effects of activated carbon or zeolite powder on odorous gas release and nitrogen conversion in pig manure compost

作　　者：张克霄 魏毅凡 韩钟俊 尹清强[1] 雷蕾 常娟[1] 刘超齐 党晓伟 唐健翔 徐梦蕾 ZHANG Kexiao;WEI Yifan;HAN Zhongjun;YIN Qingqiang;LEI Lei;CHANG Juan;LIU Chaoqi;DANG Xiaowei;TANG Jianxiang;XU Menglei(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;College of International Education,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Zhengzhou Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment,Zhengzhou 450044,China;Henan Delin Biological Products Co.Ltd.,Xinxiang 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物科技学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南农业大学国际教育学院,河南郑州450046 [3]郑州市农业综合行政执法支队,河南郑州450044 [4]河南德邻生物制品有限公司,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2023年第8期24-30,共7页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(212102110006);新乡市重大科技专项(22ZD011);河南省教育厅重点科研项目(21A230012)。

摘　　要：旨在分别添加活性炭或沸石粉对猪粪堆肥过程中氨气、硫化氢释放量以及氮素转化的影响。试验选取新鲜猪粪和风干玉米秸秆作为发酵基质,进行好氧堆肥,分为7个处理组,每个处理3个重复:A组为对照组,选取新鲜猪粪23 kg(水分含量70%)和风干玉米秸秆7 kg(水分含量7%)充分混匀进行堆肥;B、C、D组分别在对照组基础上分别添加1%、3%和5%的活性炭,E、F、G组分别在对照组基础上添加1%、3%和5%的沸石粉,发酵处理28 d。结果表明:添加活性炭和沸石粉的各组与对照组相比,均显著降低了氨气的释放量(P<0.05),F组氨气的释放量显著低于其他各处理组(P<0.05),在7、14、21、28 d对氨气的降解率分别为50.18%、43.77%、34.27%、34.27%(P<0.05);G组在21 d硫化氢的含量显著低于对照组和其他各处理组(P<0.05),F组在7、28 d硫化氢的含量与G组差异不显著。堆肥结束的第28天,添加5%活性炭可显著提高堆肥样品中的总氮含量(P<0.05),添加3%沸石粉处理组铵态氮含量和硝态氮含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在猪粪好氧堆肥过程中添加3%的沸石粉能够有效降低氨气、硫化氢的释放量,提高猪粪堆肥过程中铵态氮和硝态氮的含量。This study aimed to investigate the effects of the supplementation of activated carbon or zeolite powder on ammonia release,hydrogen sulide and nitrogen conversion during the composting of pig manure.In the experiment,fresh pig manure and air-dried corn stalks were used as fermentation substrates for aerobic composting,and the experiment consisted of seven treatment groups,with three replicates in each treatment:Group A was the control group,for which 23 kg of fresh pig manure(moisture content of 70%)and 7 kg of air-dried corn stover(moisture content of 7%)were fully mixed for composting.For Groups B,C and D,1%,3%and 5%activated carbon were supplemented on the basis of the composting material for the control group,and for Groups E,F and G,1%,3%and 5%zeolite powder were supplemented on the basis of the composting material for the control group.The fermentation lasted for 28 days.The results were as followed:compared with the control group,the release of ammonia in the groups supplemented with activated carbon and zeolite powder were significantly lower(P<0.05),and the release of ammonia in Group F was significantly lower than in the other treatment groups(P<0.05).The degradation rates of ammonia at 7 d,14 d,21 d and 28 d were 50.18%,43.77%,34.27%and 34.27%,respectively(P<0.05).The content of hydrogen sulfide in Group G on day 21 was significantly lower than that in the control group and the other treatment groups(P<0.05),and the content of hydrogen sulfide in Group F on day 7 and day 28 was not significantly different from that in Group G.On the 28th day after composting,adding 5%activated carbon significantly increased the total nitrogen content in the compost samples(P<0.05),and the treatment group supplemented with 3%zeolite powder had significantly higher ammonium nitrogen content and nitrate nitrogen content than the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding 3%zeolite powder to pig manure in the aerobic composting process effectively reduced the release of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide,and increased the conte

关 键 词：猪粪 活性炭 沸石粉 臭味气体 氮素转化 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]