尾矿坝漫顶溃决溃口纵向演化与侵蚀试验  

Longitudinal evolution of breach and erosion tests for tailings dam overtopping failure

作　　者：翟巍昆 易富 杜常博 陶晗 卢欣鑫 ZHAI Weikun;YI Fu;DU Changbo;TAO Han;LU Xinxin(College of Civil Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;College of Architecture and Transportation,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;Beijing Jingneng Geological Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102300,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学土木工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]辽宁工程技术大学建筑与交通学院,辽宁阜新123000 [3]北京京能地质工程有限公司,北京102300

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2023年第5期45-52,共8页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51774163);辽宁省教育厅青年基金项目(LJKQZ2021153);辽宁省教育厅科学研究一般项目(LJ2020JCL037)。

摘　　要：通过3组不同入流量下的水槽溃坝试验,对尾矿坝漫顶溃决溃口的纵向演化过程进行了系统分析,讨论了侵蚀率和切应力之间的关系。结果表明:尾矿坝漫顶溃决溃口纵向表现为陡坎侵蚀模式与支点旋转侵蚀模式;溃决流量和密度都呈先上升后下降的趋势,但水砂流密度波动较大;不同入流量影响各阶段大坝的侵蚀率,对阶段1侵蚀率的影响最小,对阶段2侵蚀率的影响最大,最大侵蚀率随上游入流量的增加而增大,但是不影响沿坝床侵蚀率的相对变化;坝体上土体的抗侵蚀能力不仅与坝体材料强度相关,还与坝体上流体的密度关系密切。The evolution of the longitudinal process of tailings dams breaching during overtopping failure was systematically analyzed by three sets of flume breaching tests at different flow rates,and the relationship between erosion rate and shear stress was discussed.The results show that the tailings dam overtopping failure shows a longitudinal pattern of steep canyon erosion with a pivot point rotational erosion pattern.The outburst flow and density both show an upward and then downward trend,but with large fluctuations in water-sand flow density.Different inflow flows affect the erosion rate of the dam at each stage,with the least effect on the erosion rate in the first stage and the greatest effect in the second stage.The maximum erosion rate increases with the increasing upstream inflow,but does not affect the relative change of the erosion rate along the dam bed.The erosion resistance of the soil on the dam is not only recated to the strength of the dam material,but also closely related to the density of the fluid on it.

关 键 词：尾矿坝 漫顶溃决 坝体侵蚀 模型试验 演变机制 

分 类 号：TV122.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]