应对气候变化的碳排放环境风险司法治理  

On the judicial regulation of carbon emission environmental risk in response to climate change

作　　者：韩康宁 冷罗生[1] HAN Kangning;LENG Luosheng(School of Low,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院,北京100875

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2023年第8期1-12,共12页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(22CFX041);北京师范大学学科交叉基金项目(BNUXKJC2208);北京师范大学法学院学术型研究生专项科研基金(2022LAW010)资助。

摘　　要：应对气候变化的碳排放环境风险司法控制是构建国家风险治理体系的重要内容。在现代风险社会中,需要对碳排放环境风险进行类型化区分并分析其司法治理差异,以更好地适应预防性司法的规范性要求。以司法方式应对碳排放环境风险,是国家环境保护义务中风险预防责任的体现,与气候变化立法和执法间的有效互动,促进着碳达峰碳中和目标法治体系的内部构造。碳排放环境风险司法控制面临的障碍,包括碳排放环境风险司法规制的利益识别、科学不确定下碳排放环境风险事实认定、碳排放环境风险累积效应下的规范性评价等方面。完善碳排放环境风险司法应对的规范进路,需要以维护社会公共利益为核心,将温室气体和大气污染物实施协同司法控制;强化碳排放环境风险司法认定,为准确适用风险预防原则提供科学性基础;优化碳排放环境风险司法评价,适度发挥以利益衡量为核心的司法能动性。The judicial control of carbon emission environmental risks in response to climate change is an important part of building a national risk governance system.In the modern risk society,the environmental risks of carbon emissions need to be classified to better adapt to the normative requirements of preventive justice.Responding to the environmental risks of carbon emissions in a judicial way reflects the responsibility of risk prevention in the national environmental protection obligations.The effective interaction with climate change legislation and law enforcement promotes the internal structure of the rule of law system in carbon peaking and carbon neutralization.Obstacles faced by judicial control of carbon emission environmental risk include interest identification of judicial regulation of carbon emission environmental risk,fact recognition of carbon emission environmental risk under scientific uncertainty,normative evaluation under cumulative effect of carbon emission environmental risk,etc.To improve the normative approach to judicial response to carbon emission environmental risks,it is necessary to make clear that public environmental interests are the core category of carbon emission environmental judicial response,accurately apply the risk prevention principle on the basis of strengthening the supply of scientific knowledge,and appropriately exert the judicial initiative centered on interest measurement in the judicial process.

关 键 词：碳排放环境风险 气候变化诉讼 风险预防 碳排放 碳达峰 碳中和 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]