笼养灰冠鹤越冬期行为模式研究  

Behavior Pattern of Captive Balearica regulorum During Winter

作　　者：朱井丽[1] 邓文攸 李晓敏[3] 徐卓 房淑敏 吕泓学 吴庆明[2] Zhu Jingli;Deng Wenyou;Li Xiaomin;Xu Zhuo;Fang Shumin;LüHongxue;Wu Qingming(Heilongjiang Vocational Institute Ecological Engineering,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150025,China;Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China;Harbin Northern Forest Zoo,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150322,China;Heilongjiang Zhalong National Nature Reserve Management Bureau,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江生态工程职业学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025 [2]东北林业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]哈尔滨北方森林动物园,黑龙江哈尔滨150322 [4]黑龙江扎龙国家级自然保护区管理局,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第12期40-43,共4页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:32271557);教育部中央高校基本科研业务费(编号:2572022AW19、2572019BE04)。

摘　　要：2014与2015年的1~3月在哈尔滨动物园,采用瞬时扫描取样法对越冬期室内笼养的灰冠鹤(Balearica regulorum)行为进行了观察,对灰冠鹤在冬季高纬度地区的行为规律进行了分析。结果表明:笼养灰冠鹤在冬季室内行为以护理(34.78%)、采食(23.21%)、站立(20.88%)为主,其次是静栖(10.54%)、游走(7.69%)、瞭望(2.41%),警戒(0.26%)、舞蹈(0.17%)、鸣叫(0.06%)的时间分配最少;在行为活动节律上,护理(2个峰值)、采食(1个峰值)、站立(2个峰值)、静栖(1个峰值)、游走(2个峰值)均呈现一定的节律性。由于室内饲养环境空间有限且封闭、干扰较少,灰冠鹤的能耗减少导致采食不再是优势行为,运动和瞭望、警戒行为的时间分配都较低。可为探讨灰冠鹤在寒冷地区的饲养经验并为管理提供行为方面的科学参考。In order to explore the breeding experience of Balearica regulorum in cold regions and provide scientific basis for management,from January to March of 2014 to 2015,the behavior of Balearica regulorum in indoor cages is observed during the overwintering period in Harbin Northern Forest Zoo by instantaneous sampling methods,and the behavior law of Balearica regulorum in winter at high latitude is analyzed.The results showed that in winter the indoor behaviors of caged Balearica regulorum were mainly preening(34.78%),feeding(23.21%)and standing(20.88%),followed by resting(10.54%),walking(7.69%),observing(2.41%),warning(0.26%)and dancing(0.17%).Calling(0.06%)was the least allocated time.In terms of the rhythm of activity,preening(2 peaks),feeding(1 peak),standing(2 peaks),resting(1 peak)and walking(2 peaks)all showed certain rhythmicity.Due to the limited indoor breeding environment space and limited enclosure with less interference,the energy consumption of the Balearica regulorum has decreased,leading to the fact that feeding is no longer a dominant behavior,and the time allocation for locomotion,observation,and warning behaviors is relatively low.

关 键 词：行为时间分配 行为活动节律 笼养灰冠鹤 越冬期 哈尔滨动物园 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]