河西冷凉灌区膜下滴灌娃娃菜产量和品质对水肥耦合的响应  

Response of mini Chinese cabbage yield and quality to coupling of water and fertilizer by drip irrigation under mulch in Hexi cold irrigation area

作　　者：陈静茹 王晓巍 马彦霞[2] 张玉鑫[2] 蒯佳琳[2] CHEN Jing-ru;WANG Xiao-wei;MA Yan-xia;ZHANG Yu-xin;KUAI Jia-lin(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070;Vegetable Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第6期159-166,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060678);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(22JR5RA761);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划项目(2022GAAS26)。

摘　　要：为探究不同水肥组合对河西冷凉灌区“一膜两管四行式”膜下滴灌娃娃菜产量和品质的影响,以“耐寒金皇后”为试验材料,研究了膜下滴灌条件下3个灌水水平:W1[60%田间持水量(θ_(f)),低水]、W2(70%θ_(f),中水)、W3(80%θ_(f),高水)和3个施肥水平:F1(N 281-P_(2)O_(5)166-K_(2)O 383 kg/hm^(2),低肥)、F2(N 330-P_(2)O_(5)195-K_(2)O 450 kg/hm^(2),中肥)、F3(N 380-P_(2)O_(5)224-K_(2)O 518 kg/hm^(2),高肥)组合对娃娃菜产量、品质、水分利用效率及肥料偏生产力的影响。结果表明,适当水肥配比明显提高娃娃菜的产量和品质,W2F2处理产量最高,达163626 kg/hm^(2),W2F3和W3F3处理与之无显著差异,而W1F3处理较其降低了29.07%;W3F2处理可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量最高,W2F3处理维生素C含量最高;相同施肥条件下,中水处理水分利用效率最高;肥料偏生产力在相同的施肥水平下,随灌水量增加呈先上升后下降的变化趋势。相关性分析表明,娃娃菜产量和品质指标间均呈极显著性相关关系。经隶属函数和聚类分析法结合得出,9个水肥处理可分为3个等级。综合考虑娃娃菜品质、产量、灌溉水分利用效率等因素,适宜河西冷凉灌区“一膜两管四行式”膜下滴灌娃娃菜的最优水肥处理为W2F2(70%θ_(f),N 330-P_(2)O_(5)195-K_(2)O 450 kg/hm^(2))。In order to explore the effects of different water-fertilizer combinations on the yield and quality of mini Chinese cabbage under drip irrigation.The test chooses“cold-resistant golden queen”as the test material,the effects of three irrigation levels:W1[60%field capacity(θ_(f)),low water],W2(70%θ_(f),medium water),W3(80%θ_(f),high water)combined with three fertilizer levels:F1(N281-P_(2)O_(5)166-K_(2)O 383 kg/hm^(2),low fertilizer),F2(N330-P_(2)O_(5)195-K_(2)O 450 kg/hm^(2),medium fertilizer),F3(N380-P_(2)O_(5)224-K_(2)O 518 kg/hm^(2),high fertilizer)on mini Chinese cabbage yield,quality,water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity were studied.The results showed that the appropriate water and fertilizer ratio greatly improved the yield and quality of mini Chinese cabbage.W2F2 treatment had the highest yield,which was 163626 kg/hm^(2).There was no significant difference between W2F3 and W3F3,while W1F3 was 29.07%lower than that of W2F2.W3F2 had the highest contents of soluble solids,soluble sugars and soluble proteins,while the content of vitamin C of W2F3 was the highest.Under the same fertilization level,the water use efficiency of medium water treatment was the highest;Under the same fertilization level,the fertilizer partial productivity showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing with the increase of irrigation water.Correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant correlation between the yield and quality indicators of mini Chinese cabbage.According to the combination of membership function and cluster analysis,the 9 water and fertilizer treatments could be divided into 3 levels.Considering the factors such as the quality,yield,and irrigation water utilization efficiency of mini Chinese cabbage,the optimal water and fertilizer treatment is W2F2(70%θ_(f),N330-P_(2)O_(5)195-K_(2)O 450 kg/hm^(2)).

关 键 词：娃娃菜 一膜两管四行式 水肥耦合 产量 品质 隶属函数 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S634[农业科学—蔬菜学]