凝灰岩类对烃源岩和储集层的影响  

Effects of Tuff on Source Rocks and Reservoirs

作　　者：李倩 袁珍[1,2] LI Qian;YUAN Zhen(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Geology,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院,陕西西安710065 [2]西安石油大学陕西省油气成藏地质学重点实验室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《广东石油化工学院学报》2023年第4期1-6,11,共7页Journal of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05005-002-004)。

摘　　要：凝灰岩类在过去常被用于地层对比划分的标志层,但随着在马朗凹陷条湖组、鄂尔多斯盆地延长组等研究区分析划分出凝灰岩类烃源岩及凝灰岩类储集层,使凝灰岩类在烃源岩和储集层中的作用受到关注,因此,综合分析凝灰岩类对烃源岩和储集层的影响十分必要。本文在前人研究基础上,先对凝灰岩类概念进行统一定义,再分别从凝灰岩类的形成环境、原始物质组成和地球化学成分三个方面分析其对烃源岩的影响及通过凝灰岩类组分、脱玻化程度、物性和储集空间类型四个方面分析其对储集层的影响。研究发现,凝灰岩类形成于火山口附近、还原环境及凝灰岩类的主微量元素和稀土元素对凝灰岩类“自生自储”型烃源岩和凝灰岩类近源烃源岩的形成具有促进作用。根据凝灰岩类的组分将凝灰岩分为晶屑凝灰岩、晶屑玻屑凝灰岩、玻屑凝灰岩及岩屑凝灰岩,研究发现玻屑凝灰岩储集层有效性最好,且凝灰岩类脱玻化程度越高越有利于形成储集性能较好的储层。因此,研究凝灰岩类对烃源岩和储集层的影响对于寻找油气具有非常重要的意义。Tuff is usually used as a marker for stratigraphic correlation in the past,but with the analysis and division of tuff source rocks and tuff reservoirs in Tiaohu Formation of Malang Sag,Yanchang Formation of Ordos Basin and other research areas,the role of tuff in source rocks and reservoirs has gradually attracted attention.Therefore,it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the effects of tuff on source rocks and reservoirs.In this paper,based on predecessors’research,unified the concept of tuff class definition,the formation environment of second respectively from tuff class,the composition of raw material and geochemical three aspects to analyze its influence on hydrocarbon source rocks,and the degree of tuff class components,bo,physical properties,and reservoir space type four aspects to analyze its effect on the reservoir.It is found that the main and trace elements and rare earth elements of tuff formed near the crater and in reductive environment promote the formation of tuff source rocks and near source rocks.According to the composition of tuff,the tuff is divided into crystalline tuff,crystalline crystalline tuff,crystalline tuff,and lithic tuff.It is found that the reservoir of crystalline tuff is the most effective,and the higher the devitrification degree of tuff is,the better the reservoir performance will be formed.Therefore,the study of tuff is very important for hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoirs.

关 键 词：凝灰岩类 烃源岩 储集层 油气 

分 类 号：TE132[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]