基于透明土的库水位骤降下消落带滑坡-伞型锚体系变形破坏机理  

FAILURE MECHANISM OF WATER-LEVEL FLUCTUATION ZONE WITH UMBRELLA-SHAPED ANCHORS UNDER RAPID DRAWDOWN BASED ON TRANSPARENT SOIL

作　　者：周昌 马文超 胡元骏 史光明 ZHOU Chang;MA Wenchao;HU Yuanjun;SHI Guangming(School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;National Coal Mine Water Hazard Prevention Engineering Technology Research Center,Suzhou 234000,China;CCCC First Harbor Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300202,China;School of Geology and Mining Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,徐州221116 [2]皖北煤电国家防治水工程中心,宿州234000 [3]中交第一航务工程勘察设计院有限公司,天津300202 [4]新疆大学地质与矿业工程学院,乌鲁木齐830047

出　　处：《工程地质学报》2023年第4期1407-1417,共11页Journal of Engineering Geology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(资助号:2021B03004-3);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(资助号:BK20221126);国家自然科学基金青年项目(资助号:42207169).

摘　　要：消落带是关系到库岸滑坡稳定性的敏感地带,尤其在库水下降作用下,消落带应力、渗流及变形发生明显改变。而伞形锚作为一种新型锚固技术,以其结构简单、安装方便、承载力高等优点逐渐运用于工程实践。因此,研究库水位骤降下消落带滑坡-伞型锚固体系破坏机理具有重要意义。本文以新疆TH1水库滑坡水位消落带为原型,采用透明土模型试验,考虑不同坡角和锚固间距,设计了6个消落带滑坡-伞型锚固体系物理试验。采用粒子图像测速(PIV)技术获得了滑坡内部位移、速度和宏观变形数据。结果发现:(1)较未加固模型,减少坡角、植入伞型锚杆可以明显提高消落带滑坡稳定性,减少消落带滑坡滑移速度及破坏程度;(2)不同锚固间距与消落带坡角条件下,消落带滑坡-伞型锚固体系呈现3种典型破坏模式:完全贯穿式,局部滑移式及多级滑移式;(3)坡角越大,滑坡受库水位骤降影响越大,滑动面越深,而伞型锚杆的植入可以改变滑动面的形态、位置,提高滑坡整体稳定性。The rapid drawdown of reservoir water can significantly influence the stress,seepage,and deformation of the water-level-fluctuation(WLF)zone,which affects the long-term stability of the reservoir bank slope.The umbrella-shaped anchor has ease of production and installation,and higher load capacity,so it has been gradually used to stabilize the slope.Thus,the deformation and failure mechanism of WLF zones can be reinforced by umbrella-shaped anchors under rapid drawdown conditions.Using transparent soil technology,we designed six physical tests of the WLF zone with umbrella-shaped cables considering different slope angles and anchoring spacings.We obtained the internal displacement,velocity in models using Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV)technology.We found:(1)The stability of the landslide obviously increased with the decrease of slope angle and anchor spacing.(2)There were three failure models of anchor-reinforced systems:total failure,local collapse and multi-sliding.(3)The sliding surfaces had deeper depth with the increase of slope angle because of the effect of the water rapid drawdown,and the umbrella cables obviously changed the shape and location of the sliding surfaces,and increased the landslide stability.

关 键 词：透明土 水位消落带 伞型锚 库水位骤降 变形破坏机理 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]