侏罗系弱胶结顶板采动破坏规律与发育高度预测  

MINING-INDUCED OVERBURDEN FAILURE AND HEIGHT PREDICTION IN JURASSIC WEAKLY CEMENTED ROOF

作　　者：徐智敏[1,2] 韩宇航 陈天赐 陈歌 郇博程[1] 赵瑞强 孙亚军 XU Zhimin;HAN Yuhang;CHEN Tianci;CHEN Ge;HUAN Bocheng;ZHAO Ruiqiang;SUN Yajun(School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Fundamental Research Laboratory for Mine Water Hazards Prevention and Controlling Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Xuzhou Great Wall Foundation Engineering Corporation,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,徐州221116 [2]矿山水害防治技术基础研究国家级专业中心实验室,徐州221116 [3]徐州长城基础工程有限公司,徐州221116

出　　处：《工程地质学报》2023年第4期1474-1485,共12页Journal of Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(资助号:42130706).

摘　　要：煤层采动后形成的顶板导水裂隙带是沟通顶板充水含水层的主要通道之一,同时也是顶板水害防治需要重点研究的关键问题。近年来,西部矿区已成为我国煤炭资源主要开采区,其主采侏罗系含煤地层与东部石炭-二叠系有着明显差异,并具有典型的孔隙度高、胶结程度差等特征,顶板采动导水裂隙的演化特征也与东部矿区具有较大差异,相关的研究尚未形成普适性成果。因此,本文选取典型的弱胶结地区——新疆哈密大南湖矿区为例,采用UDEC数值模拟、现场三维钻孔电视成像等方法,并结合“S-R”稳定理论,以垮落带高度为自变量,建立砌体梁承载强度与垮落带高度关系式,全面揭示该区煤层开采过程中顶板的采动破坏过程与演化特征,并以此为依据确定顶板导水裂隙带的发育高度。在此基础上,通过收集侏罗系同类型煤矿导水裂隙带高度的实测数据,采用回归分析方法,拟合并修正现有经验公式。研究表明:研究区顶板导水裂隙带发育高度的范围是60.07~62m,裂采比为17.67~18.24,整体形态呈“梯台”型特征,结合邻矿现场实测对比证实了此次实测结果的可靠性;开采范围内导水裂隙带发育高度受垮落带高度增量、岩块回转角变化的影响呈现:“快速增加-缓慢增加-逐渐稳定”的发展与演化规律;验证计算结果表明,论文提出的回归公式预测精度一般在10.30%~17.25%之间,相较于传统经验公式平均误差降低了51.84%,显著提高了导水裂隙带高度的预测精度。论文的相关研究成果可为新疆地区相似开采条件下顶板导水裂隙带发育高度计算提供理论依据。The water-conducting fractured zone of roof after mining is an important pathway to connect the overlying aquifer.It is also a key problem to be studied in the prevention and control of roof water disaster.In recent years,the western mining area has become the main mining area of coal resources in China.Its main mining Jurassic coal-bearing strata are obviously different from the eastern Carboniferous-Permian,and have typical characteristics such as high porosity and poor cementation.The evolution characteristics of water-conducting fractures in rock roof are also quite different from those in the eastern mining area.Relevant research has not yet formed universal results.Therefore,this paper selects the typical weak cementation area-the Dananhu mining area in Hami,Xinjiang as an example.Using UDEC numerical simulation,on-site three-dimensional borehole TV imaging and other methods,combined with‘S-R’stability theory,taking the height of caving zone as an independent variable,the relationship between the bearing strength of masonry beam and the height of caving zone is established.The mining failure process and evolution characteristics of roof in the process of coal seam mining in this area are fully revealed,and the development height of roof water-conducting fractured zone is determined based on this.On this basis,by collecting the measured data of the height of the water-conducting fractured zone in the same type of the Jurassic coal mines,based on the regression analysis method,the existing empirical formula is fitted and corrected as a reference for the prediction formula of the height of the roof water-conducting fractured zone in the Jurassic weakly cemented coalfield.The results show that the development height of the roof water-conducting fractured zone in the study area is 60.07~62m,the ratio of the height of the fractured zone to the cutting height is 17.67~18.24,and the overall shape is‘terrace’type.The reliability of the measured results is confirmed by the comparison with the field measuremen

关 键 词：导水裂隙带 弱胶结顶板 S-R稳定理论 岩块回转角 垮落带高度 

分 类 号：TD32[矿业工程—矿井建设]