考虑炮孔密集系数及高程影响下质点峰值速度的 预测模型研究  

Predictive Models for Particle Peak Velocity Considering the Borehole Density Coefficient and Elevation Effect

作　　者：朱颂波 徐振洋 张祚富 李政 郇宝乾 ZHU Songbo;XU Zhenyang;ZHANG Zuofu;LI Zheng;HUAN Baoqian(School of Mining Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,China;Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Mining and Utilization of Metal Mineral Resources,Anshan 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]辽宁省金属矿产资源高效采选与利用工程技术研究中心,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2023年第9期139-149,共11页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅重点项目(LJKZ0282)。

摘　　要：边坡爆破作业中产生的爆破振速过大,会对周围建(构)筑物造成安全隐患,准确预测爆破峰值速度是爆破开挖的重要指标。基于量纲分析理论,推导并改进炮孔密集系数及高程影响下的质点峰值速度预测公式。结果表明:引入边坡坡度项(H/D)的经验公式预测精度均大于萨氏公式及萨氏修正公式;推导并改进的预测模型能较为准确地预测峰值速度,预测精度达到91.16%;结合多次爆破测振试验获得实测爆破振动数据,分别代入萨氏公式、萨氏修正公式以及通过无量纲理论推导的质点峰值振速公式进行非线性回归运算,得到改进的峰值速度公式与各峰值速度公式的相对误差分别为8.84%、13.32%和19.74%。炮孔密集系数的预测模型比萨氏公式、萨氏修正公式的精度分别提高了10.90%和4.48%,并且在实际工程中取得了良好效果,说明了预测公式的可行性,可为类似爆破工程提供参考。Excessive peak vibration velocity resulting from slope blasting operations can pose safety hazards to near by structures.The accurate prediction of peak vibration velocity is a critical factor in blasting excavation.Based on dimensional analysis theory,a prediction formula for peak particle vibration velocity that considers the borehole density coefficient and elevation effect have been developed and enhanced.The results indicated that the empirical formula,which incorporated the slope term,surpassed both the Sassi formula and the Sassi modified formula in terms of prediction accuracy.The derived and improved prediction model was able to predict the peak velocity more accurately,with a prediction accuracy of 91.16%.Combined with a number of blasting vibration test to obtain the measured blasting vibration data,it was substituted into the Sachs formula,Sachs correction formula and the mass peak vibration velocity formula derived through dimensionless theory for nonlinear regression operation,and the relative errors of the improved peak velocity formula and each peak velocity formula were 8.84%,13.32%and 19.74%,respectively.The prediction model for the borehole density coefficient achieved an accuracy improvement of 10.90%compared to the Sassi formula and 4.48%compared to the Sassi modified formula.Moreover,it demonstrated excellent performance in practical engineering applications,confirming the feasibility of this prediction formula.It can serve as a valuable reference for similar blasting projects.

关 键 词：炮孔密集系数 质点峰值速度 量纲分析 边坡坡度项 预测精度 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]