风电机组载荷优化对变桨轴承力学行为影响研究  

Influence of wind turbine load optimization on mechanical behaviors of pitch bearing

作　　者：顾光成 刘勇 叶锋 虞亚杰 蒋丹青 刘继鑫 陈家杰 施恒荣 GU Guangcheng;LIU Yong;YE Feng;YU Yajie;JIANG Danqing;LIU Jixin;CHEN Jiajie;SHI Hengrong(GD Ningbo Wind Power Development Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315000,China;Zhejiang Windey Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310000,China;Key Laboratory of Wind Power Technology of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]国电宁波风电开发有限公司,浙江宁波315000 [2]浙江运达风电股份有限公司,浙江杭州310000 [3]浙江省风力发电技术重点实验室,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第9期1419-1425,共7页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目(2022C01178)。

摘　　要：以往的研究主要关注的是变桨轴承本身的力学性能与设计改进,在载荷变化对变桨轴承力学行为影响规律方面还缺乏系统性研究,以致难以定量预测载荷优化对变桨轴承可靠性提升产生的影响,不利于变桨控制策略的准确制定。为此,引入了在线测试与仿真分析技术,研究了载荷优化对变桨轴承力学行为的影响。首先,采用基于应变载荷测试与位移传感器的在线测试方法,测试了风电机组在不同功率水平下载荷优化前后的叶根载荷,以及相应的变桨轴承内外套圈径向与轴向相对位移;然后,提出了一种有限元分析方法,建立了考虑变桨轴承及其周边支撑结构柔性的变桨系统有限元模型;最后,将实测载荷作为输入进行了仿真计算,分析了载荷优化对变桨轴承变形、滚动体与滚道间最大接触应力及最小边缘接触余量角的影响。研究结果表明:载荷优化降载3.46%~5.08%后,相同功率水平下变桨轴承变形减小,最大接触应力减小1.10%以上,最小边缘接触余量角增大0.47°以上,变桨轴承可靠性得以提升。该研究结果可为载荷优化控制策略的准确制定提供指导。The previous research mainly focused on the mechanical properties and design improvement of pitch bearing itself,but there was no systematic study on the influence of load change on the mechanical behavior of pitch bearing,which made it difficult to quantitatively predict the influence of load optimization on the reliability improvement of pitch bearing,and not conducive to the accurate formulation of pitch control strategy.Therefore,online test and numerical simulation techniques were introduced to study the influence of load optimization on mechanical behaviors of pitch bearing.Firstly,by using online test method based on strain-load measurement and displacement sensor before and after the load optimization,the blade root loads at different power levels and the corresponding radial and axial relative displacements between internal and external rings of pitch bearing were measured.Then,taking the flexibilities of pitch bearing and surrounding structures into account,a finite element analysis method was proposed to build the finite element model of pitch system.Finally,the simulations were performed by using the tested loads as inputs,and the influences of load optimization on deformation of pitch bearing,the maximum contact stress and the minimum margin angle of edge contact between rolling elements and raceways were analyzed.The research results indicate that with 3.46%~5.08%load reduction after load optimization,at the same power level the deformation of pitch bearing decreases,the maximum contact stress is reduced by more than 1.10%,and the minimum margin angle of edge contact increases by more than 0.47°,so that the reliability of pitch bearing is improved.The research results can provide guidance for accurate development of control strategy for load optimization.

关 键 词：变桨轴承力学行为 载荷变化 在线测试 载荷优化控制策略 最大接触应力 最小边缘接触余量角 

分 类 号：TH133.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH114[电气工程—电机] TM315