跌水方式和水生植物对水体溶解氧含量的影响特征  

Characteristics of the Effects of Water Fall Patterns and Aquatic Plants on Dissolved Oxygen Content in the Water Column

作　　者：韦建华 李茵茵 杨钙仁[1] WEI Jianhua;LI Yinyin;YANG Gairen(Forestry College,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2023年第8期18-26,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(No.桂科AB22080103);国家自然科学基金项目(No.31360134)。

摘　　要：为研究不同跌水方式和水生植物对水体中溶解氧含量(DO)的影响,探讨污染水体增氧技术,以期为黑臭水体的生态治理提供理论依据。通过设置多级台梯、瀑布和坡流3种跌水方式以及9种水生植物水培试验,测定各处理水中溶解氧含量。结果表明:(1)在高差为3m的跌水过程中,跌水增氧效果为台阶式>瀑布式>斜坡式,其增氧率分别为66.7%、20%、6.7%;(2)九种水生植物对水体溶解氧含量的影响从强到弱排序为:梭鱼草≈再力花≈水葫芦≈花叶芦竹>苦草≈美人蕉≈风车草>金鱼藻≈狐尾藻;(3)不同生活型植物根系泌氧能力为:沉水植物>挺水植物>浮水植物,水体中溶解氧含量受3种类型植物的生理学特性和生长周期、光照强度、温度等影响。To study the effects of different waterfall methods and aquatic plants on the dissolved oxygen content in water bodies and to explore the oxygenation technology of polluted water bodies to provide a theoretical basis for the ecological treatment of black smelly water bodies.In this paper,we set up three types of water plunging methods:multi-stage ladder,waterfall,and slope flow,as well as nine types of aquatic plant hydroponics tests,and measured the dissolved oxygen(DO)content in each treatment water.The results show that(1)in the process of plunging water with a height difference of 3 m,the effect of oxygen-enhancing by falling water is step type>waterfall type>slope type,and their oxygenation rates are 66.7%,20%,and 6.7%respectively.(2)The effects of nine aquatic plants on the dissolved oxygen content of the water column in order of strength to weakness:Pontederia cordata≈Thalia dealbata≈Eichhornia crassipes≈Arundo donax'Versicolor'>Vallisneria natans≈Canna indica≈Cyperus involucratus>Ceratophyllum demersum≈Myriophyllum verticillatum.(3)Oxygen secretion capacity of the root system of plants of different life types is:submerged plants>aquatic plants>floating plants and the dissolved oxygen content in the water body is affected by the physiological characteristics of the three types of plants and the growth cycle,light intensity,temperature,and so on.

关 键 词：台阶跌水 植物泌氧 溶解氧 

分 类 号：S682.32[农业科学—观赏园艺]