大规模风电并网下抽水蓄能参与电网调频的模型预测控制策略  

Large-scale Wind Power Grid-connected Pumped Storage Participates in Grid Frequency Regulation Model Predictive Control Strategy

作　　者：罗远翔[1] 关明 刘铖[1] 冯扬 LUO Yuanxiang;GUAN Ming;LIU Cheng;FENG Yang(Electrical Engineering College,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin Jilin 132012)

机构地区：[1]东北电力大学电气工程学院,吉林吉林132012

出　　处：《东北电力大学学报》2023年第4期20-29,共10页Journal of Northeast Electric Power University

基　　金：吉林省教育厅科学研究项目(JJKH20210092KJ);吉林市科技创新发展计划项目(20210103093)。

摘　　要：变速抽水蓄能机组在高比例风电并网的电力系统中具有深度参与频率调节的能力。针对短时风电功率波动引起电力系统频率扰动的问题,根据抽水蓄能机组不同的运行工况,提出抽水蓄能参与频率调节的模型预测控制策略。在发电运行时,利用风机的减载备用改善抽蓄机组因水锤效应引起的调频效果不佳的问题;在电动运行时,利用抽蓄机组快速响应的特点,有效平抑风电功率波动,提高风电机组的风能利用率。该策略在考虑抽蓄机组和风电机组各自约束条件的前提下,通过求解滚动时域内最优控制问题,协调各机组之间的有功出力分配,提高电网的调频性能。最后在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台对所提策略进行仿真验证,结果表明该策略能够有效改善抽水蓄能机组平抑风电功率波动时的调频效果。Variable speed pumped storage units have the ability to deeply participate in frequency regulation in the power system with a high proportion of wind power connected to the grid.Aiming at the problem of frequency disturbance of power system caused by short-term wind power fluctuation,according to the different operating conditions of pumped storage units,a model predictive control strategy for pumped storage to participate in frequency regulation is proposed.When the power generation is running,the load shedding backup of the fan is used to improve the problem of poor frequency regulation effect caused by the water hammer effect of the pumping and storage unit;In electric operation,the rapid response of the pumping and storage unit is used to effectively smooth the fluctuation of wind power and improve the wind energy utilization rate of the wind turbine.Under the premise of considering the respective constraints of pumped storage units and wind turbines,this strategy solves the optimal control problem in the rolling time domain,coordinates the distribution of active output between each unit,and improves the frequency regulation performance of the power grid.Finally,the proposed strategy is simulated and verified on the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform,and the results show that the proposed strategy can improve the frequency regulation effect of pumped storage units when smoothing wind power fluctuations.

关 键 词：风电机组 可变速抽水蓄能机组 电网频率 模型预测控制 水锤效应 导叶开度 

分 类 号：TM612[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]