武汉市黑臭水体辨识及其治理效果评价  

Identification of black and odorous water and evaluation of treatment effect in Wuhan City

作　　者：罗安琪 陈辉煌 张永勇[3] 肖鹏 杨军[1] LUO Anqi;CHEN Huihuang;ZHANG Yongyong;XIAO Peng;YANG Jun(Aquatic EcoHealth Group,Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology,Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Water Cycle&Related Land Surface Process,Institute of Geographic Sciences&Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建省流域生态重点实验室,水生态健康研究组,福建厦门361021 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2023年第8期1006-1012,共7页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(编号:XDA23040302)。

摘　　要：于2019、2020和2022年夏季在武汉市建成区19个河流湖泊监测了21个采样区,分析近年来武汉市黑臭水体的空间分布及变化趋势。结果显示,2019—2022年武汉市水质平均值达到地表水环境质量标准Ⅴ类。2019—2022年,武汉市水体的富营养化程度有所改善,水浑浊度(浊度)总体上降低,但是部分地点(黄孝河、青菱河、塔子湖和巡司河)的叶绿素水平在2022年较高。对21个采样区域水体评价黑臭等级,结果表明,2019年,武汉市无黑臭的水体有14个,占66.7%;轻度黑臭的有5个,占23.8%;重度黑臭的有2个,占9.5%。2020年无黑臭的水体有14个,占66.7%;轻度黑臭的有6个,占28.6%;重度黑臭的有1个,占4.7%。2022年无黑臭的水体有19个,占90.5%;轻度黑臭的有2个,占9.5%。2022年,武汉市建成区消除了重度黑臭水体,水质明显好转,下一步水体治理与保护的重心应该是预防黑臭水体发生。In this study,21 sampling regions were monitored in 19 typical rivers and lakes in the built-up areas of Wuhan City in the summer of 2019,2020 and 2022 to analyze the spatial distribution and variation trend of black-odor water.The results showed that the total average water quality of Wuhan City in 2019,2020 and 2022 reached the level Ⅴ of the surface water environmental quality standard of China.From 2019 to 2022,water eutrophication and turbidity of Wuhan City reduced in general.However,the chlorophyll-a levels in some locations(Huangxiao River,Qingling River,Tazi Lake and Xunsi River)increased in 2022.The black and odorous grades of 21 sampling sites were evaluated.The results showed that in 2019,there were 14 sampling sites in Wuhan City without black odor,accounting for 66.7%;5 were mildly black and smelly,accounting for 23.8%;and 2 were severe black odor,accounting for 9.5%.In 2020,there were 14 sampling sites without black odor,accounting for 66.7%;6 sampling sites with slight black odor,accounting for 28.6%;and one sampling site with severe black odor,accounting for 4.7%.In 2022,there were 19 sampling sites without black odor,accounting for 90.5%;2 with slight black odor,accounting for 9.5%.The heavy black and odorous water bodies in the built-up area of Wuhan were eliminated and the water quality was significantly improved in 2022.The focus of the water treatment and protection should be to prevent the occurrence of black and odorous water.

关 键 词：黑臭水体 城市水体 水质 评价 城市水系统 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]