广州地区岩质边坡崩塌影响范围计算方法初探  

Calculation methods of the collapse influence range of a simple rock slope in the Guangzhou area

作　　者：曾启强 王立朝 刘伟[1] 张庆华[1] 陈凌伟[1] 楼康明[1] 刘羊 樊亚男 ZENG Qiqiang;WANG Lichao;LIU Wei;ZHANG Qinghua;CHEN Lingwei;LOU Kangming;LIU Yang;FAN Yanan(Guangzhou Urban Planning Survey and Design Institute,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510030,China;China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring(Guide Center of Prevention Technology for Geo-Hazard,MNR),Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院,广东广州510030 [2]中国地质环境监测院(自然资源部地质灾害技术指导中心),北京100081

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2023年第5期159-168,共10页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0101130009);广东省自然资源厅科技项目(GDZRZYKJ2023004);广东省城市感知与监测预警企业重点实验室基金项目(2020B121202019);广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院科技基金项目(RDI2210204140,RDI2210204146)。

摘　　要：边坡危岩体产生的岩质崩塌灾害突发性强、破坏能力强,是一种危害极大的地质灾害。防治边坡危岩体的关键在于划定危岩体的影响范围,准确评估边坡危岩体影响范围,提升边坡危岩体灾害防治能力,降低崩塌威胁,目前亟需完善边坡危岩体影响范围的计算模型。依据广州市危岩体调查成果归纳出常见边坡危岩体的类型和坡形特征,分类建立危岩体影响范围物理几何模型,综合考虑坡面摩擦力、块体碰撞、弹跳、碎裂、接触面覆盖物性质和恢复系数、地形条件、地震等崩塌运动过程的主要影响因素,通过概化运动过程要素建立起直线型、曲线型边坡在不同坡度条件下崩塌影响范围的计算模型,并根据地震力对崩塌体动能的影响求得地震工况下崩塌影响范围的扩大系数。该模型在前人研究基础上进一步归纳出坡形分类形成几何模型,依据运动过程推求出常见工况不同地形条件下边坡危岩体最大影响范围的计算模型,获取坡高、坡度和地表特征后可依据该模型计算得出危岩体影响范围。通过实际案例验证比对,计算结果相对误差较小,且能预留一定的安全距离,可用于常见坡形边坡危岩体影响范围评价,为边坡危岩体防治提供依据。The rock collapse disaster caused by the dangerous rock mass of slope is a geological disaster with strong sudden occurrence and destructive ability.The key to prevent and control the dangerous rock mass of slope is to delineate the influence range of the dangerous rock mass.In order to accurately assess the influence range of the dangerous rock mass of slope,improve the disaster prevention ability of the dangerous rock mass of slope and reduce the collapse threat,it is urgent to improve the calculation model of the influence range of the dangerous rock mass of slope.Based on the survey results of dangerous rock mass in Guangzhou,the types and slope shape characteristics of common dangerous rock mass in slope are summarized,and the physical and geometric model of the influence range of dangerous rock mass is established.The main factors affecting the collapse movement process,such as slope friction,block collision,bounce,fragmentation,properties of contact surface covering and coefficient of restitution,terrain conditions and earthquake,are comprehensively considered.The calculation model of collapse influence range of linear and curved slope under different slope conditions is established by generalized motion process elements,and the expansion coefficient of collapse influence range under earthquake conditions is obtained according to the influence of earthquake force on the kinetic energy of collapse body.On the basis of previous studies,this model further summarizes the geometric model of slope shape classification and formation,and calculates the calculation model of the maximum influence range of dangerous rock mass under common working conditions and different terrain conditions according to the movement process.After obtaining the slope height,slope and surface characteristics,the influence range of dangerous rock mass can be calculated according to this model.Through the verification and comparison of actual cases,the relative error of calculation results is small,and a certain safety distance can be res

关 键 词：岩质崩塌 运动距离 影响范围 恢复系数 

分 类 号：P642.21[天文地球—工程地质学]