聚乳酸/驻极体熔喷非织造材料的制备及其性能  

Preparation and properties of polylactic acid/electret melt-blown nonwovens

作　　者：谷英姝 朱燕龙 汪滨[1,2] 董振峰 谷潇夏[1,2] 杨昌兰 崔萌 张秀芹 GU Yingshu;ZHU Yanlong;WANG Bin;DONG Zhenfeng;GU Xiaoxia;YANG Changlan;CUI Meng;ZHANG Xiuqin(Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment,Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber,Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京服装学院服装材料研究开发与评价北京市重点实验室,北京100029 [2]北京服装学院北京市纺织纳米纤维工程技术研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《纺织学报》2023年第8期41-49,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52173027,51929301,52103069);北京学者项目(RCQJ20303)。

摘　　要：为赋予聚乳酸熔喷非织造材料高效的驻极性能和过滤性能,以聚乳酸(PLA)为原料,选用有机氟驻极粉体、电气石和纳米SiO_(2)3种驻极体,分别通过熔融共混法和熔喷纺丝技术制备了PLA/驻极体复合材料和PLA/驻极体熔喷非织造材料,并对其性能进行研究。结果表明:驻极体可显著提高PLA熔喷非织造材料的电荷存储能力,添加质量分数为1%时,PLA/SiO_(2)复合材料的驻极性能最佳,在室温条件下保存6 d后表现静电量仍保持在1.77 kV左右;在32 L/min的气体流速下,PLA/SiO_(2)熔喷非织造材料的空气过滤效率达到78.5%,比纯PLA非织造材料的过滤效率高41%,而纯PLA熔喷非织造材料的过滤效率仅为37.5%;在此基础上,利用硅烷偶联剂改性使纳米SiO_(2)在PLA中均匀分散,可显著提高熔喷材料过滤效率至88.4%,显示出高效低阻的优势,可推动绿色环保聚乳酸材料在空气过滤领域的应用。Objective At present,the problem of air pollution is becoming increasingly serious.Melt-blown nonwovens have the characteristics of fine fibers,high porosity,and small pore size,which can effectively filter out dust and ensure the health of the wearer.Most of the commercially available melt-blown nonwovens are made from polypropylene(PP)due to their excellent filtration performance,but their non-renewable and non-degradable nature of the materials themselves may lead to resource crises and environmental pollution issues.Therefore,the development of green and renewable melt-blown nonwovens is of great significance.Method Different types of electrets and polylactic acid(PLA)were selected to prepare PLA/electret composites by melt blending and hot pressing,in order to obtain the best electret SiO_(2) for PLA.Next,the SiO_(2) was modified by silane coupling agent KH570 to reduce its agglomeration.As the last step,PLA/SiO_(2) melt-blown nonwovens were prepared by melt-blown spinning and high pressure in-situ electret technology,and charge storage capacity and air filtration performance of the samples were systematically investigated.Result The PLA/electret composite membrane material was successfully prepared using the melt blending method.The PLA/SiO_(2) membrane material showed an increase in peak intensity at 1109 cm-1,which is the symmetric stretching vibration peak of Si—O of SiO_(2),proving the successful composite(Fig.2).The starting thermal decomposition temperature of the PLA/polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)membrane material is reduced to around 240℃and the starting thermal decomposition temperature of the PLA/SiO_(2) membrane material is set at around 302℃,demonstrating that the addition of the electret SiO_(2) has little effect on the thermal stability of PLA(Fig.3).The electret significantly improves the charge storage capacity of the PLA membrane material,where the surface electrostatic charge is 8.154 kV for the pure PLA membrane material and 17.44 kV for the PLA/SiO_(2) membrane material,an increment

关 键 词：聚乳酸 纳米SiO_(2) 驻极体 熔喷非织造材料 空气过滤 

分 类 号：TQ316.67[化学工程—高聚物工业]