稀土Y对再生6061铝合金微观组织和性能的影响  

Effects of rare earth Y on the microstructure and properties of recycled 6061 aluminium alloy

作　　者：全翔 韦启荣 李佳斌 王斌[1] QUAN Xiang;WEI Qirong;LI Jiabin;WANG Bin(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《粉末冶金材料科学与工程》2023年第4期368-378,共11页Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51971249);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2020KE012)。

摘　　要：推广再生铝合金能减少能源消耗和碳污染,但Fe杂质的超标不利于合金的高效回收。本文通过熔炼铸造法制备不同Y含量(质量分数分别为0、0.15%、0.30%和0.60%)的再生6061铝合金,采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析合金的显微组织和物相组成,并测试合金的拉伸和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,含Y再生铝合金中形成了三元Al_(2)Si_(2)Y相,且α-Al枝晶和α-Al_(15)(Fe,Mn)3Si_(2)(α-Fe)相显著细化,其中w(Y)为0.30%的合金细化效果最佳。Y的添加可显著提升合金的力学性能,w(Y)为0.30%的合金抗拉强度(199.2 MPa)最高,w(Y)为0.60%的合金伸长率(14.5%)最大。除此之外,添加Y还能提高6061铝合金的腐蚀电位,降低腐蚀电流密度,提高合金的耐腐蚀性。在晶间腐蚀实验中,腐蚀时间相同时,w(Y)为0.60%的合金腐蚀深度最小。总的来说,w(Y)为0.60%的再生铝合金兼具良好的力学和耐腐蚀性能,实现了高Fe含量6061铝合金的有效回收。The promotion of recycled aluminium alloys can reduce energy consumption and carbon pollution,but the excess of Fe impurities is not conducive to efficient recycling of the alloy.In this paper,recycled 6061 aluminium alloys with different Y contents(0,0.15%,0.30%and 0.60%by mass fraction)were prepared by melting and casting.The microstructure and phase composition of the alloys were analysed by metallographic microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD),and the tensile and corrosion resistance were tested.The results show that ternary Al_(2)Si_(2)Y phases are formed in Y-containing alumium alloys,with significant refinement of theα-Al dendrites andα-Al_(15)(Fe,Mn)3Si_(2)(α-Fe)phases,with the best refinement achieve in alloys with a w(Y)of 0.30%.Y addition can significantly enhance the mechanical properties of the alloy,with the highest tensile strength(199.2 MPa)for a w(Y)of 0.30%and the highest elongation(14.5%)for a w(Y)of 0.60%.In addition,Y addition can also increase the corrosion potential of the 6061 alumium alloy and reduce the corrosion current density,improve the corrosion resistance property of the alloy.In the intergranular corrosion experiments,the alloy with a w(Y)of 0.60%possesses the smallest corrosion depth for the same time.Overall,the recycled alumium alloy with a w(Y)of 0.60%exhibits both good mechanical and corrosion resistance properties,achieving effective recycling of high iron content 6061 aluminium alloys.

关 键 词：Y元素 再生铝合金 细化 力学性能 耐腐蚀性能 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]