芽孢杆菌BMF03对摄食玉米赤霉烯酮污染饲料鲫的保护效应  

Protective Effect of Bacillus BMF03 on Crucian Carp Fed Zearalenone Contaminated Feed

作　　者：周鑫蔚 丁皓天 董秀金 徐一力 刘毅 吴冰 陈香凝 丁祝进 马桂珍 程汉良 许建和 ZHOU Xinwei;DING Haotian;DONG Xiujin;XU Yili;LIU Yi;WU Bing;CHEN Xiangning;DING Zhujin;MA Guizhen;CHENG Hanliang;XU Jianhe(School of Marine Science and Fisheries,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]江苏海洋大学,江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2023年第4期46-53,68,共9页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金(BK20201465);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX20_1265,KYCX2021_066,SJCX20_1264).

摘　　要：在水温23℃~26℃下,将初始体质量(20.13±0.12)g的鲫(Carassius auratus)饲养在实验室内的养殖系统中8周,分别投喂基础饲料(对照组)、基础饲料+芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)BMF03(1×10^(10)CFU/kg,BMF03组)、基础饲料+玉米赤霉烯酮(1000μg/kg,ZON组)和基础饲料+玉米赤霉烯酮(1000μg/kg)+芽孢杆菌BMF03(1×10^(10)CFU/kg,ZON03组)四种饲料。实验期间每天清除残饵,换水约25%,实验结束时测定各组饲料和鱼体肌肉中玉米赤霉烯酮含量以及实验鱼生长性能和生化指标等,探讨芽孢杆菌BMF03对摄食玉米赤霉烯酮(ZON)污染饲料鲫的保护效应。结果表明:饲料中添加芽孢杆菌BMF03后,对鱼体增重率、蛋白质效率、饲料系数、特定生长率及肥满度和存活率无显著影响(P>0.05),但可显著降低饲料和鱼体肌肉中玉米赤霉烯酮含量(P<0.05),而饲料中添加玉米赤霉烯酮后,鱼体增重率显著提高(P<0.05)。BMF03组鱼体肌肉粗蛋白含量显著高于其他三组(P<0.05)。BMF03和ZON03组鱼体血清CAT活性与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),但显著高于ZON组(P<0.05)。ZON组鱼体血清SOD和AKP活性明显低于其他组(P<0.05),各实验组中LZM的活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但添加毒素组LZM活性显著低于BMF03组(P<0.05)。组织切片结果显示,BMF03组鱼体肝胰脏和肠道组织结构完整,而ZON组中鱼体肝胰脏和肠道组织局部黏膜下层轻度水肿,结构疏松,黏膜与黏膜下层轻度脱落,较多黏膜上皮细胞坏死。综上所述,饲料中添加1×10^(10)CFU/kg芽孢杆菌BMF03对摄食玉米赤霉烯酮污染饲料的鲫具有保护作用。Crucian carp(Carassius auratus)with initial body weight of(20.13±0.12)g were reared in a culture system,and fed basal feed(control group),basal diet+Bacillus BMF03(1×10^(10)CFU/kg,BMF03 group),basal diet+zearalenone(1000μg/kg,ZON group)and basal diet+zearalenone(1000μg/kg)+Bacillus BMF03(1×10^(10)CFU/kg,ZON03 group),with water exchange of about 25%at water temperature of 23℃~26℃for 8 weeks.At the end of experiment,the contents of zearalenone in each diets and fish muscles were determined,and the growth performance and biochemical indices of the fish were measured to evaluate protective effect of Bacillus BMF03 on crucian carp fed zearalenone contaminated diets.The results showed that there were not significant effects on the weight gain rate,protein efficiency,feed coefficient,specific growth rate,condition factor and survival rate of the fish in BMF03 group(P>0.05),with the decrease in zearalenone contents in the diets and fish muscle(P<0.05).The significant increase in the weight gain rate was observed in the fish fed the diet with zearalenone supplementation(P<0.05).There was significantly higher crude protein content muscle of the fish in BMF03 group than that in the other three groups(P<0.05),without significant difference in serum catalase(CAT)activity between the BMF03 and ZON03 groups and the control group(P>0.05),and with significantly higher than that in the ZON group(P<0.05).There were significantly lower activities of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)in the ZON group than those in other groups(P<0.05).The activities of lysozyme(LZM)were shown to be higher in each experimental group than those in the control group(P<0.05),with lower activities of LZM in the added toxin group than those in the BMF03 group(P<0.05).Histological observation revealed that the structure of hepatopancreas and intestine was intact in BMF03 group,while the local submucosa of fish in ZON group was slightly edema,loose in structure,and the mucosa and submucosa were slightly exfoliated,and more

关 键 词：玉米赤霉烯酮 芽孢杆菌 鲫 保护 

分 类 号：S963.211[农业科学—水产养殖]