间作百喜草对坡地茶园磷流失的影响  

Influence of Inter-cropping the Paspalum notatum Flugge on the Phosphorus Loss at Slope Tea Garden

作　　者：朱惠琼 杜理旺 罗旭辉[1,2] 黄光樑 Zhu Huiqiong;Du Liwang;Luo Xuhui;Huang Guangliang(Agricultural Ecology Institute,FAAS,Fuzhou Municipality of Fujian Province 350013;Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Environment,Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China,Fuzhou Municipality of Fujian Province 350003;Key Laboratory of Red Soil Mountainous Agricultural Ecological Process of Fujian Province,Fuzhou Municipality of Fujian Province 350003)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所,福建福州350013 [2]农业部福州农业生态环境试验站,福建福州350003 [3]福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室,福建福州350003

出　　处：《亚热带水土保持》2023年第3期25-29,32,共6页Subtropical Soil and Water Conservation

摘　　要：茶园是南方种植业面源污染源之一,但不同茶园管理模式的磷流失存在差异,探析茶园间作的磷流失规律与特征,对科学评估生态茶园的农业面源污染减排效应具有重要意义。本文以福建省福州市宦溪镇生态茶园为研究对象,应用径流小区法开展长期定位试验,观测了2016~2018年16场降雨产流事件中顺坡单作(T1)、顺坡间作(T2)、梯台单作(T3)、梯台间作(T4)的茶园径流量和磷素浓度、磷素流失量,间作植物为百喜草。结果表明:茶园间作(T2、T4)比茶园单作(T1、T3)径流量减少0.1~2m^(3)/(100m^(2));径流总磷(TP)浓度下降最高达80%、可溶性总磷(TDP)浓度下降最高达100%、颗粒态磷(PP)下降最高达83.3%;径流TP流失量下降最高达82.3%、TDP流失量下降最高达100%、PP流失量下降最高达85.3%;磷流失以颗粒态为主(51.7%~72.3%)。径流量与降雨量、径流量与TP浓度、TDP浓度、磷素流失量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);径流量与PP浓度、磷素浓度之间、磷素浓度与磷素流失量、磷流失量之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。Tea garden is one of the non-point source pollution of the planting in south China,but there are difference in the phosphorus loss with different management models in the tea gardens.The analysis of phosphorus loss rules and characteristics caused by the inter-cropping in the tea garden will have the important meaning to the scientific evaluation of the agricultural non-point source pollution reduction effect in the ecological tea gardens.In this essay,the ecological tea garden at Huanxi Township of Fuzhou Municipality was taken for study.By using the runoff plot method,it was carried out a longterm positioning test.It was observed the runoff,phosphorus concentration and phosphorus loss of tea gardens in 16 rainfall runoff events from 2016 to 2018,including the mono-cropping along slope(T1),inter-cropping along slope(T2),mono-cropping on terrace(T3),and inter-cropping on terrace(T4).Paspalum notatum Flugge was used as the inter-cropping plant.The results showed that runoff was reduced by 0.1 to 2m^(3)/(100m^(2))by inter-cropping(T2,T4)in tea gardens compared to mono-cropping(T1,T3)in the tea gardens.The decrease of the total phosphorus(TP)concentration in runoff,the soluble total phosphorus(TDP)concentration and the particulate phosphorus(PP)was up to 80%,100%and 83.3%,respectively.The maximum decrease in TP loss,TDP loss and PP loss of soil reached 82.3%,100%,and 85.3%,respectively.Phosphorus loss is mainly in the form of granule(51.7%~72.3%).There was a significantly positive correlation between runoff and rainfall,runoff and TP concentration,TDP concentration and phosphorus loss(P<0.05).In addition,there was a significantly positive correlation among runoff,PP concentration and phosphorus concentration,and between phosphorus concentration and phosphorus loss(P<0.01).

关 键 词：茶园 单作 间作 降雨量 径流量 

分 类 号：S157.3[农业科学—土壤学]