基于D值法的烟草苗期抗旱评价方法研究及抗旱材料筛选  

Research on Drought Resistance Evaluation Method of Tobacco at Seedling Stage Based on D Value Method and Screening of Drought Resistance Materials

作　　者：陈刚 喻奇伟 熊晶 舒彦淇 陆安彬 龙本山 刘仁祥 CHEN Gang;YU Qiwei;XIONG Jing;SHU Yanqi;LU Anbin;LONG Benshan;LIU Renxiang(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Tobacco,Guizhou University/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Tobacco Company Bijie City Company,Bijie Guizhou 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院/贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学烟草学院/贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵阳550025 [3]贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《种子》2023年第7期77-83,90,共8页Seed

基　　金：贵州省高层次创新型人才项目([2016]5663);贵州省烟草公司重大专项项目(2022XM02,201904)。

摘　　要：为了探究苗期抗旱性快速评价方法,筛选烟草苗期抗旱材料,开展苗期抗旱种质鉴定和抗旱品种选育。本试验以21个品种(系)5叶1心的烟苗为材料,采用15%PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫处理,于处理48 h测定参试材料的叶绿素a等10项生理指标,通过主成分分析、隶属函数分析和通径分析构建了烟草苗期抗旱性评价方法。结果显示,主成分分析从10项指标中筛选出叶绿素a、H_(2)O_(2)、MDA、SOD、POD等5项典型的抗旱指标;通过筛选出的5项指标与各材料D值的通径分析构建出了烟草苗期抗旱性预测模型,模型表明叶绿素a对烟草苗期抗旱性直接通径系数最大;分别以构建出的抗旱性预测模型和叶绿素a的抗旱系数对各材料进行聚类分析,均将供试材料分为高抗型、中抗型、低抗型、不抗型和敏感型等5类,同时筛选出4份苗期抗旱性较强材料。研究表明,采用15%PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫处理,利用叶绿素a等5项指标构建的抗旱性度量值及回归预测模型可用于烟草苗期抗旱性评价,干旱胁迫后叶绿素a含量变化可用于快速鉴定烟草苗期抗旱性。In order to explore the rapid evaluation method of drought resistance at seedling stage,drought-resistant materials at seedling stage were screened,and drought-resistant germplasm identification and drought-resistant varieties were selected at seedling stage.In this study,21 varieties(lines)of five-leaf with one lobus cardiacus tobacco seedlings were used as materials,15%PEG-6000 simulated drought stress treatment was used,and 10 physiological indexes such as chlorophyll a of the test materials were determined at 48 hours of treatment,and the evaluation method of drought resistance at the seedling stage of tobacco was constructed by principal component analysis,membership function analysis and pathway analysis.The results showed that five typical drought resistance indexes,including chlorophyll a,H_(2)O_(2),MDA,SOD,and POD,were screened out from 10 indexes.Through the diameter analysis of the five selected indexes and the D value of each material,the prediction model of drought resistance at the seedling stage of tobacco was constructed,and the model showed that chlorophyll a had the largest direct diameter coefficient for the drought resistance of tobacco at the seedling stage.The drought resistance prediction model and the drought resistance coefficient of chlorophyll a were used to cluster and analyze the materials,and the test materials were divided into five categories:high resistance,medium resistance,low resistance,non-resistance and sensitivity,and four materials with strong drought resistance at the seedling stage were screened.The research indicated that the drought resistance measures and regression prediction model constructed by using five indicators such as chlorophyll a by using 15%PEG-6000 simulated drought stress treatment could be used to evaluate the drought resistance of tobacco seedlings,and the change of chlorophyll a content after drought stress could be used to quickly identify the drought resistance of tobacco at the seedling stage.

关 键 词：烟草 抗旱性 苗期 抗旱指标 抗旱评价 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]