六氟化硫替代气体的研究现状及未来发展趋势  

Research status and future trend of sulfur hexafluoride alternatives

作　　者：杨志强[1] 曾纪珺[1] 马义丁 尉涛[1] 赵波[1] 刘英哲[1] 张伟[1] 吕剑[1] 李兴文[2] 张博雅 唐念 李丽 孙东伟 YANG Zhiqiang;ZENG Jijun;MA Yiding;YU Tao;ZHAO Bo;LIU Yingzhe;ZHANG Wei;LYU Jian;LI Xingwen;ZHANG Boya;TANG Nian;LI Li;SUN Dongwei(State Key Laboratory of Fluorine&Nitrogen Chemicals,Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi’an 710065,Shaanxi,China;State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,Shaanxi,China;Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510080,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所氟氮化工资源高效开发与利用国家重点实验室,陕西西安710065 [2]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [3]广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,广东广州510699

出　　处：《化工进展》2023年第8期4093-4107,共15页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52277162);中国南方电网有限责任公司重点研发项目(GDKJXM20220361)。

摘　　要：六氟化硫(SF_(6))是电力行业应用最为广泛的绝缘和灭弧介质。然而,SF_(6)具有极高的温室效应潜值(GWP=23900),其引起的环境问题逐渐成为制约我国电网绿色发展的重要因素。本文首先回顾了SF_(6)替代气体试错法和计算机辅助法的筛选历程,综述了全氟酮、全氟异丁腈、三氟硫氮、氢氟烯烃等候选物在绝缘性能和制备方法两方面的研究成果。随后聚焦SF_(6)替代气体筛选中的核心问题,分别从物理定义、基团贡献、定量构效关系和机器学习的角度,回顾了绝缘气体各性能预测方法的研究进展,指出同时兼顾计算效率、精确性和泛用性的预测方法是未来的发展趋势。基于目前的研究现状,提出了高通量分子设计和共沸绝缘气体两种研发思路,以期为我国绝缘环保气体的研发提供有益的借鉴。Sulfur hexafluoride(SF_(6))is the most widely used insulation and arc extinguishing medium in the power industry.However,SF_(6)has a strong global warming potential(GWP=23900),and the environmental problems caused by it have gradually become an important factor restricting the green development of the power grid in China.This paper reviewed the screening history of SF_(6)substitutes from the view of testing methods and computer-aided methods.The authors also summarized the research progress of perfluoroketone,perfluoroisobutyronitrile,trifluorosulfur nitrogen,hydrofluoroolefin,and other gases in both insulation properties and synthesis mothed.Focus on the core issues in the screening of SF_(6)alternative gases,the research progress of various predictive methods for the performance of insulating gases was reviewed from the perspectives of physical definition,group contribution,quantitative structure activity relationship,and machine learning,and authors pointed out that the prediction method that takes into account the calculation efficiency,accuracy,and versatility is the future development trend.Based on the current research status,two methods of high-throughput molecular design and azeotropic gas were proposed,which provided a useful references for the development of novel eco-friendly insulating gases.

关 键 词：六氟化硫 环保绝缘气体 分子设计 共沸气体 

分 类 号：O641.1[理学—物理化学] TQ117[理学—化学]