苏里格气田可控震源高精度地震采集技术  

High precision seismic acquisition technology of vibroseis in Sulige Gas Field

作　　者：张学银 梅安鑫 金海福 侯君毅 曹雄伟 ZHANG XueYin;MEI AnXin;JIN HaiFu;HOU JunYi;CAO XiongWei(Huabei Geophysical Exploration Department of BGP,CNPC,Renqiu 062552,China;Sulige Project Management Department,Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团东方地球物理公司华北物探处,任丘062552 [2]川庆钻探工程有限公司苏里格项目经理部,鄂尔多斯017300

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2023年第4期1680-1694,共15页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：中国石油集团东方地球物理公司华北物探处自立科研项目“苏里格沙漠丘陵区两宽一高地震采集技术研究”(12-10-02-2020)资助。

摘　　要：鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田气层单砂体厚度薄,非均质性强,地层反射波能量和频率衰减严重,地震资料品质不稳定,资料分辨率较低.近年来当地推进生态环保工作,对以往的炸药震源作业模式存有疑虑,制约了本区的地震勘探进程.针对这些难点,本文从基于AVO分析的观测系统设计、基于低频可控震源的“两宽一高”采集技术、基于提高资料信噪比的组合接收技术等方面进行研究.运用模型正演、反射系数能量变化相对陡度、实际资料定性与定量分析,设计了可控震源施工观测系统方案.利用驱动幅度-频率曲线设计了低频信号,针对地震采集压制谐波干扰的方法进行了分析及试验.通过检波器组合试验分析,在信噪比相对低的地区采用检波器组合接收方式,能够提高地震资料的信噪比.采用可控震源高精度地震采集技术,获得了高密度、宽方位、高品质的地震资料.The single sand body of the gas layer is thin with strong heterogeneity in Sulige Gas Field of Ordos Basin.Energy and frequency attenuation of the reflection wave are serious,the quality of seismic data is unstable,and the resolution is low.In recent years,the local ecological and environmental protection work has been promoted,and has doubts about the former explosive source operation mode,which has restricted the seismic exploration process in this area.In view of these difficulties,this paper studies the observation system designing based on Amplitude Versus Offset(AVO)analysis,the"two width and one height"acquisition technology based on low-frequency vibroseis,and the combined receiving technology based on improving the S/N of data.Using model forward modeling,relative steepness of energy change with reflection coefficient and quantitative analysis of actual data,the construction observation system is designed.The low frequency signal is designed by using the drive amplitude frequency curve.The method of suppressing harmonic interference in seismic acquisition is analyzed and tested.Through the analysis of the geophone combination test,adopting the geophone combination receiving method in the area with relatively low S/N can improve the S/N of seismic data.The seismic data of high density,wide azimuth and high quality are obtained by using the high precision seismic acquisition technology of vibroseis.

关 键 词：信噪比 频宽 模型正演 AVO分析 低频可控震源 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]