宽频带地震仪性能现场检测方法进展研究  

Research on the progress of in-site testing methods for broadband seismograph performance

作　　者：包雪 叶放 张晗 金春伟 BAO Xue;YE Fang;ZHANG Han;JIN ChunWei(College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学计量测试工程学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2023年第4期1739-1756,共18页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LQ20D040002)资助。

摘　　要：宽频带地震仪具有采样信号频带宽、动态范围广及采样精度高的特点,常布设于野外流动地震台站中进行长时间的地震观测,利用宽频带地震仪及由其组成的观测系统进行科学研究已成为近年来的发展趋势.由于野外环境存在大量不确定因素,这些变化可能会导致宽频带地震仪性能改变,从而影响数据质量.现场检测作为地震仪器性能检测的一种方法,无需改变仪器的布设位置能够保证仪器采集的连续性,同时考虑野外现场因素的影响.因此,宽频带地震仪性能的现场检测也越来越受到国内外学者的重视.本文以野外宽频地震仪性能检测为研究方向,从仪器性能的影响因素、原位校准方法以及利用观测数据评估仪器性能这三个角度出发:(1)论述了布设位置及方式、温湿度及大气压力变化对仪器性能的影响;(2)介绍了仪器原位校准中的电测法和对比测量法;(3)总结了利用地震信号、地震背景噪声以及潮汐信号对宽频地震仪性能进行现场检测的方法.最后,本文对目前宽频地震仪性能检测方法存在的问题进行分析总结,并对其发展前景提出展望.Broadband seismograph has the characteristics of wide sampling frequency band,wide dynamic range and high sampling accuracy.They are often emplaced in portable seismic stations in the field for long time seismic observation.Due to the large number of uncertain factors in the field environment,such as temperature,humidity and atmospheric pressure changes.These may lead to changes in the performance of the broadband seismograph and thus affect the data quality.In-site testing as a method of testing the performance of seismic instruments can ensure the continuity of instrument acquisition without changing the sites of the seismographs,while considering the influence of field factors.Therefore,the testing of broadband seismograph performance in site has also received increasing attention from scholars at home and abroad.In this paper,we focus on the performance testing of broadband seismographs from three perspectives:the factors that influence the performance of seismographs;the in-situ calibration methods of the instruments and the evaluation of the performance by using observation data.(1)We discuss the influence of geographic location and the emplacement types of the seismographs,as well as the changes of the temperature,humidity and atmospheric pressure on the performance of the seismographs;(2)We introduce the electrical and comparative measurement methods in the in-situ calibration of instruments;(3)We summary the research on the performance testing methods by using earthquakes,seismic ambient noise and tidal.Finally,we analysis the research and point out the problems that exist in performance testing and the development of performance testing methods.

关 键 词：宽频带地震仪 性能检测 原位校准 观测数据 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]