微型堆SCO_(2)布雷顿循环系统构型及参数优化  

Configuration and Parameter Optimization of SCO_(2) Brayton Cycle System in Micro Reactor

作　　者：梁铁波[1] 唐鑫 钱奕然 赵全斌[2] 陈伟雄[2] 严俊杰[2] LIANG Tiebo;TANG Xin;QIAN Yiran;ZHAO Quanbin;CHEN Weixiong;YAN Junjie(Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu 610213,China;State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国核动力研究设计院,四川成都610213 [2]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2023年第9期1706-1719,共14页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1902003);中核集团领创科研项目。

摘　　要：超临界二氧化碳(SCO_(2))布雷顿循环具有循环效率高、结构紧凑等优点,适合作为微型核反应堆的能量转换系统。本文以不同构型SCO_(2)布雷顿循环系统为研究对象,建立了设备模型及系统整体分析模型,进行了系统关键部件选型及热力设计,并开展了不同评价指标下系统不同构型参数优化,获得了不同优化目标下最佳构型及最优参数配置。结果表明:以发电效率最大作为优化目标,最优构型再压缩再热循环的发电效率最高达到47.5%;以功率密度最大作为优化目标,最优构型再压缩循环的功率密度最高可达282.42 kW/m^(3);以功率质量比最大作为优化目标,最优构型再压缩循环的功率质量比最高可达98.81 kW/t。通过不同构型对比发现,再压缩构型具有较高的功率密度和功率质量比,能较好兼顾高效性和紧凑型,更适合作为可移动微型堆能量转换系统。Micro reactors,typically with power below 15 MW,are designed in a modular fashion,allowing for flexible and maneuverable deployment,enabling independent operation away from the grid.They can meet energy demands in various scenarios such as remote areas,isolated islands,and desert regions.These reactors hold potential application value and strategic significance in scientific.Supercritical carbon dioxide(SCO_(2))Brayton cycle,with its high cycle efficiency,high capacity-to-power ratio,and compact structure,has excellent prospects in the field of nuclear power.It is well suited as an energy conversion system for micro reactors.Scholars both domestically and internationally have conducted extensive research on this topic.In this study,different configurations of SCO_(2) Brayton cycle systems were investigated.The system-component combined design method was applied,which combined the cycle thermodynamic model with the component design method to iteratively correct the cycle thermodynamic calculations and component design results.Equipment models and overall system analysis models were established,and key components were selected and thermally designed.Optimization of system parameters for different configurations was carried out using various evaluation criteria,resulting in the identification of the optimal configuration and parameter settings for different optimization objectives.The results indicate that for the SCO_(2) Brayton cycle in micro reactors,the system design scheme including heat pipe reactors,centrifugal turbines,centrifugal compressors,shell-and-tube main heat exchangers with heat pipes,printed circuit board recuperator,and flat finned-tube coolers is deemed reasonable.When maximizing power generation efficiency as the optimization objective,the optimal cycle configuration is the recompression-heating-reheating cycle(RHRC),achieving a maximum power generation efficiency of 47.5%.When maximizing power density as the optimization objective,the optimal cycle configuration is the recompression cycle(RC),w

关 键 词：微型堆 SCO_(2)布雷顿循环 构型对比 参数优化 

分 类 号：TL334[核科学技术—核技术及应用] TK14[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]