小型氟盐冷却高温堆SCO_(2)布雷顿循环冷端特性研究  

Study on Cold End Characteristic of SCO_(2) Brayton Cycle in Small Fluoride-salt-cooled High-temperature Reactor

作　　者：许家源 赵全斌[1] 孙剑锋 刘秀婷 张大林[1] 卓文斌 XU Jiayuan;ZHAO Quanbin;SUN Jianfeng;LIU Xiuting;ZHANG Dalin;ZHUO Wenbin(State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;China Hua Neng Group Corporation,Beijing 100031,China;Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]中国华能集团公司,北京100031 [3]中国核动力研究设计院,四川成都610213

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2023年第9期1720-1730,共11页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1902000);陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划(20210406)。

摘　　要：氟盐冷却高温堆与SCO_(2)布雷顿循环耦合发电系统具有固有安全性高、效率高、可模块化建造等优点,但SCO_(2)布雷顿循环系统对于冷端参数十分敏感,严重影响循环系统性能。本文以小型氟盐冷却高温堆SCO_(2)布雷顿循环系统为对象,开展在SCO_(2)冷端扰动下系统的动态特性研究,并探究变负荷过程中冷端参数变化对系统性能的影响。结果表明:在降负荷过程中,主压缩机对入口温度和入口压力的敏感性逐渐增强;低负荷状态下,主压缩机入口温度扰动1℃,出口压力变化最高7 MPa,效率变化最高6.82%;主压缩机入口压力扰动0.1 MPa,出口压力变化最高6.33 MPa,效率变化最高6.23%。Fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactor coupled with SCO_(2) Brayton cycle power generation system has the advantages of high inherent safety,high efficiency,compact structure,and waterless cooling.However,the cold end of the SCO_(2) Brayton cycle system operates near the critical point and is very sensitive to the cold end parameters,which seriously affects the performance of the cycle system.In addition,when the cold end parameters cross the critical point,the liquefied mass can seriously threaten the safety of the compressor and even the cycle system,therefore,the investigation of the characteristics of the cold end parameters during the dynamic process becomes the key to the safe and stable operation of the SCO_(2) Brayton cycle system.This paper took the SCO_(2) Brayton cycle system of a small fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactor as the research object.Matlab/Simulink software was used as the simulation platform,and the Refprop interface was embedded to calculate physical properties.The one-dimensional dynamic simulation model was established for compressors,turbines,heat exchangers,reactors,and other thermal equipment through energy conservation and mass conservation.On this basis,the dynamic characteristics of the system under the disturbance of the cooling water flow of the SCO_(2) pre-cooler were studied,and the influence of the cold end parameters on the system performance during the variable load was explored.The results show that the disturbance of the cooling water flow of the SCO_(2) pre-cooler directly affects the inlet temperature of the main compressor,which in turn seriously affects the stable operation of the whole system,so it is necessary to impose certain control means to ensure the stability of the pre-cooler outlet temperature during the operation of the system.Due to the role of the thermal inertia of the reactor and the interaction between the reactor and the heat exchanger,the hot end of the system fluctuates obviously and then affects the cold end,so the reactor is the m

关 键 词：氟盐冷却高温堆 SCO_(2)布雷顿循环 动态特性 变负荷 

分 类 号：TL334[核科学技术—核技术及应用] TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]