山桃杂交群体抗蚜优系的背景选择与标记优劣比较  

Background Selection and Comparison of Marker Superiority and Inferiority of Aphid-Resistant Seedlings in an Interspecific Cross Peach Population

作　　者：刘苏宁 别航灵 王君秀 陈雪嘉 王新卫[1,2] 王力荣 曹珂[1] LIU SuNing;BIE HangLing;WANG JunXiu;CHEN XueJia;WANG XinWei;WANG LiRong;CAO Ke(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009;Western Agricultural Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changji 831100,Xinjiang)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2023年第15期2995-3005,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项(CAAS-ASTIP-2020-ZFRI)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选‘橡皮油桃’(果实大、感蚜)ב帚形山桃’(果实小、抗蚜)F2代杂交群体中,‘橡皮油桃’遗传背景回复率高且表现抗蚜的优系,探讨桃背景选择技术体系的建立方法。【方法】首先,利用3种方法选择背景标记,分别为前期研究得到的高多态性SNP(Pre-work SNP)、全基因组范围内随机挑选的SNP(Random SNP)、以及对SNP进行功能注释后,选择突变位点影响起始密码子与终止密码子的功能性SNP(Functional SNP),3种方法最终筛选的SNP个数统一设定为775个。然后,利用这775个SNP分别计算3种不同背景标记在F2代杂交群体中121个单株的双亲回复率。通过比较3种背景标记中‘橡皮油桃’背景回复率较高的前10个单株在两两之间的重复情况,比较不同背景标记的重复性。在完成F2群体单株的抗蚜性、单果重与可溶性固形物含量评价后,分别选择单果重与可溶性固形物含量2种性状的极端表型单株各10株,通过比较两类表型单株‘橡皮油桃’回复率的差异显著性,衡量不同选择方法的优劣。最后,以抗蚜定位区间内的SNP为抗蚜前景标记,筛选F2群体内‘橡皮油桃’遗传背景回复率高且表现抗蚜的优系。【结果】Pre-work SNP、Random SNP、Functional SNP 3种背景标记的F2代单株‘橡皮油桃’背景回复率分别在36.34%—71.99%、31.75%—74.92%、4.51%—66.53%。3种背景标记筛选的‘橡皮油桃’回复率较高的前10株中,Pre-work SNP与Random SNP和Functional SNP的重复单株分别均有2个,Random SNP与Functional SNP的重复单株有6个,即Random SNP和Functional SNP两种选择方法的重复率更高。Pre-work SNP、Random SNP、Functional SNP 3种背景标记在以单果重为选择目标时,极端表型单株间‘橡皮油桃’背景回复率显著性分别为0.069、0.26和0.092,即Pre-work SNP筛选的后代‘橡皮油桃’背景回复率与单果重表型相关性最高,Functional SNP次之,Random SNP�【Objective】To establish a background selection system in peach,the seedlings contained aphid-resistance locus and high female parent recovery rate were screened from an F_2 population crossed by Xiang Pi You Tao peach(big fruit and susceptible to aphid)and Zhou Xing Shan Tao peach(small fruit and resistant to aphid).【Method】Firstly,three methods were used to select background markers,including the high polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)obtained from the previous study(Pre-work SNP),SNP randomly selected in the whole genome(Random SNP),and functional SNP affecting the start and stop codon(Functional SNP).The number of final SNP selected by the above methods were 775.Then,using these SNPs,the parents recovery rate for all 121 individuals of the F_2 population were calculated,respectively.The repeatability of the selection methods was evaluated by comparing whether the top 10 seedlings with different selection markers were coincident or not.After completing the evaluation of aphid resistance,single fruit weight,and soluble solids content of F_2 population,10 seedlings with extreme phenotypes for the single fruit weight and soluble solids content were selected,respectively.And the superiority and inferiority of different selection methods were estimated by comparing the significance of the differences in Xiang Pi You Tao recovery rates between the two types of phenotypes.Finally,the SNPs in the aphid-resistant location area were used as the foreground markers to screen the elite seedlings with high maternal genetic background and aphid resistance.【Result】The background recovery rates of the F_2 seedlings which calculated by the three methods were 36.34%-71.99%,31.75%-74.92%,and 4.51%-66.53%,respectively.Among the top 10seedlings with high Xiang Pi You Tao recovery rates screened by the three background markers,Pre-work SNP and Random SNP had two duplicate single plants,and so do Pre-work SNP and Functional SNP,and there were 6 repetitive single plants in Random SNP and Functional SNP.This res

关 键 词：桃 抗蚜性 SNP 前景选择 背景选择 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]