基质添加物对西瓜穴盘苗生长的影响  

Effects of Different Substrate Additives on Growth of Watermelon Seedlings

作　　者：曹钰鑫 崔孟雪 邬美娟 李慧 孟秀芳 蒋芳玲[1] 周蓉 吴震[1] CAO Yuxin;CUI Mengxue;WU Meijuan;LI Hui;MENG Xiufang;JIANG Fangling;ZHOU Rong;WU Zhen(Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095;Ningxia Saishang jiangnan Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学,210095 [2]宁夏塞上江南农业科技有限公司

出　　处：《长江蔬菜》2023年第18期69-74,共6页Journal of Changjiang Vegetables

基　　金：西甜瓜高质量工厂化育苗技术研究与集成示范(2021BBF02023)。

摘　　要：为研制有抑菌促生作用的西瓜专用育苗基质,本试验在基础育苗基质(草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=4∶3∶1)的基础上,添加不同浓度的钾肥、钙肥、枯草芽孢杆菌、哈茨木霉菌,以基础基质为对照(CK),明确不同添加物质对西瓜幼苗生长的影响,以筛选出适宜的基质添加物和添加量。结果表明,在基础基质中分别添加375μL/L钾肥、1.1 mL/L钙肥、0.56 g/L枯草芽孢杆菌、1.6 g/L哈茨木霉菌对西瓜幼苗生长均有促进作用,其中添加1.6 g/L哈茨木霉菌效果最佳,可改善基质理化性质,其西瓜幼苗的叶面积、干质量、壮苗指数、叶绿素a+b、根系活力等均显著高于CK,其中叶绿素a+b、根系活力较CK分别增加74.74%和186.30%。综合分析认为,在基础基质中添加1.6 g/L哈茨木霉菌西瓜幼苗生长最好,可用于抑菌促生作用的西瓜专用育苗基质的生产。In order to develop a special seedling substrate for watermelon with bacteriostatic and growth-promoting effects,based on the basic matrix(peat:vermiculite:perlite=4:3:1),adding different concentrations of potassium fertilizer,calcium fertilizer,Bacillus subtilis,Trichoderma harzianum,the effects of different substance additives on the growth of watermelon seedlings were clarified,and the appropriate substrate additives and addition amount were screened out with the basic substrate(CK)as control.The results showed that adding 375μL/L potassium fertilizer,1.1 mL/L calcium fertilizer,0.56 g/L bacillus subtilis and 1.6 g/L T.harzianum to the basic matrix promoted the growth of watermelon seedlings.the effect of adding 1.6 g/L T.harzianum was the best,which could improve the physical and chemical properties of the substrate,and the leaf area,dry weight,seedling index,chlorophyll a+b and root activity of watermelon seedlings were significantly higher than those of the CK.And chlorophyll a+b and root activity increased by 74.74%and 186.30%respectively compared with the CK.Comprehensive analysis showed that the growth of watermelon seedlings was the best when 1.6 g/L of T.harzianum was added to the basic matrix,which could be used for the production of watermelon special seedling substrate with bacteriostatic and growth-promoting effects.

关 键 词：西瓜 幼苗 抑菌促生 专用基质 哈茨木霉菌 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]