稠油管输综合型降黏新技术综述  

Overview of New Integrated Viscosity Reduction Technologies for Thick Oil Pipeline Transportation

作　　者：李明星 张宏瑜 LI Mingxing;ZHANG Hongyu(College of Petroleum Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学石油工程学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《化工技术与开发》2023年第9期50-53,共4页Technology & Development of Chemical Industry

摘　　要：含有三维网络凝胶结构的稠油,因黏度大,流动性差,给稠油的管输造成了很大的障碍。本文介绍了水力空化降黏、热采与化学复合降黏、新型生物表面活性剂降黏、碱与表面活性剂协同降黏、自乳化结合外力降黏、微波降黏等新型降黏技术。传统的单一降黏技术的应用面较狭窄,不能很好地解决稠油的生产和管输问题,未来应以稠油的规律影响作用为基础,改进传统的降黏技术,从稠油本身的结构和微观机理出发,研发综合多种降黏技术的、更有效的新型降黏技术。Thick oil contained three-dimensional network gel structure caused great obstacles to the pipeline transportation of thick oil because of its high viscosity and poor fluidity.This paper introduced the new viscosity reduction technologies such as hydraulic cavitation viscosity reduction technology,thermal recovery and chemical composite viscosity reduction technology,new biosurfactant viscosity reduction technology,alkali and surfactant synergistic viscosity reduction technology,self-emulsification combined with external force viscosity reduction technology,microwave viscosity reduction technology and other new viscosity reduction technologies.Obviously,the application of single traditional viscosity-reducing technology was very narrow,and could not solve the problem of thick oil production and pipeline transportation well.In the future,based on the influence laws of heavy oil,the traditional viscosity reduction technologies would be improved.Started from the structure and micro mechanism of heavy oil itself,more and more effective viscosity reduction technology that integrated multiple viscosity reduction technologies would be developed.

关 键 词：稠油 新型综合性降黏技术 综述 传统降黏法 

分 类 号：TE832.3[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]