南方山区杉木人工林林下草本植物多样性的影响因素  

Factors influencing undergrowth herbaceous diversity of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations in southern mountainous areas

作　　者：凤紫棋 孙文义 穆兴民[1,3] 高鹏[1,3] 赵广举[1,3] 陈帅[4] FENG Zi-qi;SUN Wen-yi;MU Xing-min;GAO Peng;ZHAO Guang-ju;CHEN Shuai(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Xianyang 712100,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Xianyang 712100,China;Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment of Nanchang Agricultural,Nanchang 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西咸阳712100 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]西北农林科技大学土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西咸阳712100 [4]南昌市农业综合行政执法支队,江西南昌330000

出　　处：《草业学报》2023年第9期17-26,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“以水定植与水土流失控制目标下的植被斑块格局调控机制”(42177328)资助。

摘　　要：解析杉木人工林林下草本植物多样性的影响因素,可为南方山区森林的可持续经营提供理论依据。通过收集115份杉木人工林林下草本植物多样性研究文献,采用相关性分析、方差分解分析和结构方程模型探究了环境因子和林分结构与杉木林下草本植物多样性的关系,通过最大熵模型模拟杉木人工林林下植物多样性较为丰富区域的潜在地理分布。结果表明:1)气候因子单独效应、气候和地形因子共同效应解释率较大,分别为19.31%、12.34%。2)年均降水量和郁闭度对林下草本植物多样性具有极显著影响(P<0.01),总影响系数分别为0.72和-0.49;海拔、年均气温、土壤有机质、全氮含量对林下植物多样性具有显著影响(P<0.05),总影响系数为-0.33、0.17、0.23和0.34。3)影响杉木人工林林下草本植物多样性的主导环境因子及贡献率分别为:年均降水量(37.1%)>海拔(19.5%)>年均气温(15.2%)>土壤有机质(8.9%)>土壤全氮(7.5%),累积贡献率为88.2%。4)年均降水量≥1650 mm、年均气温18~22℃、海拔510~680 m、土壤有机质含量≥20 g·kg^(-1)的区域林下草本植物多样性较为丰富。Analysis of the factors influencing understory herbaceous diversity in Chinese fir plantations can provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable management of forests in China’s southern mountain area.Based on the data collected from 115 Chinese fir plantations,the relationship between environmental factors,stand structure and herb diversity in Chinese fir plantations was investigated using correlation analysis,variance decomposition analysis and a structural equation model.The maximum entropy model was used to simulate the potential geographical distribution of understory plant diversity in Chinese fir plantations.The results showed that:1)The interpretation rates of the single effect of climate factors and the common effect of climate and terrain factors were 19.31%and 12.34%,respectively.2)Mean annual precipitation and canopy cover had significant effects on understory herb diversity(P<0.01),and the total influence coefficients were 0.72 and-0.49,respectively.Altitude,annual temperature,soil organic matter and total nitrogen content had significant effects on understory plant diversity(P<0.05),and the total influence coefficients were-0.33,0.17,0.23 and 0.34,respectively.3)The main environmental factors and their contribution rates of understory herb diversity in Chinese fir plantation were:mean annual precipitation(37.1%)>altitude(19.5%)>mean annual temperature(15.2%)>soil organic matter(8.9%)>soil total nitrogen(7.5%),and the cumulative contribution rate was 88.2%.4)Understory herbaceous diversity was greater in areas with mean annual precipitation≥1650 mm,mean annual temperature 18-22℃,mid-low altitude(510-680 m),and soil organic matter content≥20 g·kg^(-1).

关 键 词：林分结构 环境因子 草本植物多样性 结构方程模型 最大熵模型 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]