菌磷耦合下紫花苜蓿的干物质产量及磷素空间分布特征  

Dry matter yield and spatial distribution characteristics of phosphorus in alfalfa under bacterial-phosphorus coupling

作　　者：刘选帅 孙延亮 马春晖[1] 张前兵[1] LIU Xuan-shuai;SUN Yan-liang;MA Chun-hui;ZHANG Qian-bing(College of Animal Science&Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《草业学报》2023年第9期104-115,共12页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260347,32001400);兵团科技创新骨干人才计划项目(2021CB034);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)资助。

摘　　要：探讨在施磷条件下接种不同比例丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)与解磷细菌(PSB)对紫花苜蓿各器官、不同部位磷含量及土壤有效磷含量的影响,为提高紫花苜蓿的磷肥利用效率及优质高产研究、制定科学合理的施肥制度提供理论依据。采用完全随机设计进行盆栽试验,设置5种接菌比例(AMF∶PSB)梯度[3∶7(J_(1))、4∶6(J_(2))、5∶5(J3)、6∶4(J_(4))和7∶3(J_(5))]和2种施磷(P_(2)O_(5))水平[0(P0)和100 mg·kg^(-1)(P_(1))],共计10个处理。通过对紫花苜蓿植株磷含量、土壤磷含量、干物质产量及磷素利用效率进行测定,并通过相关性分析明确紫花苜蓿植株磷含量、土壤磷含量、干物质产量及磷素利用效率之间的关系,通过隶属函数分析筛选出适合苜蓿生长的最佳菌磷耦合模式,明确菌磷耦合下紫花苜蓿的干物质产量及磷素空间分布特征。结果表明:相同接菌条件下,紫花苜蓿的植株磷、茎磷、叶磷、花磷、根磷、上部磷、中部磷、下部磷、根际土壤有效磷、非根际土壤有效磷含量及干物质产量均为P1处理显著大于P_(0)处理(P<0.05)。相同施磷条件下,紫花苜蓿的植株磷、茎磷、叶磷、花磷、根磷、上部磷、中部磷及下部磷均表现为J_(5)处理显著大于其他接菌处理(P<0.05),而干物质产量表现为J_(1)、J_(2)、J_(3)和J_(4)处理显著大于J_(5)处理(P<0.05),苜蓿各器官磷含量表现为:花>叶>根>茎;苜蓿各部位磷含量表现为:上部>中部>下部;土壤有效磷含量表现为:根际土>非根际土。菌磷耦合处理中,苜蓿总干物质产量和磷素利用效率均在J4P1处理达到最大值,分别为49.31 g·pot^(-1)和27.23%。相关性分析表明,苜蓿植株磷含量、根际土壤磷含量、非根际土壤磷含量、磷素利用效率和总干物质产量两两互为正相关,其中,总干物质产量与根际土壤有效磷含量和磷素利用效率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与非根际土壤有效磷含量呈�This study explored the effects on the P content of various organs and parts of alfalfa and soil available P content,of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria(PSB)in different proportions with and without phosphorus(P)application.The ultimate aim of this research was to provide a theoretical basis for improving the efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer utilization for the production of high-quality,high-yielding alfalfa by formulating a scientifically based and appropriate fertilization system.A pot experiment was conducted with a randomized block design.There were 10 treatments in total,consisting of five inoculation ratios(AMF∶PSB)treatments[3∶7(J_(1)),4∶6(J_(2)),5∶5(J_(3)),6∶4(J_(4))and 7∶3(J_(5))]and two phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))application levels[0(P0)and 100 mg·kg^(-1)soil(P1)].The plant P content,soil P content,dry matter yield of alfalfa and P use efficiency were measured.Correlation analyses were conducted to clarify the relationship between the alfalfa plant P content,soil P content,dry matter yield,and P use efficiency.The best combination of bacteria and phosphorus conditions for promoting alfalfa growth was identified using a membership function analysis.It was found that,under the same inoculation conditions,the contents of plant P,stem P,leaf P,flower P,root P,upper 1/3 plant P of aboveground part,middle 1/3 plant P of aboveground part,lower 1/3 plant P of aboveground part,rhizosphere soil available P,non-rhizosphere soil available P and the dry matter yield were all significantly greater in the P1 treatments than in the P0 treatments(P<0.05).Under the same P application conditions,the plant P,stem P,leaf P,flower P,root P,upper 1/3 plant P of aboveground part,middle 1/3 plant P of aboveground part,lower 1/3 plant P of aboveground part were all significantly greater in the J_(5)treatment than in the J_(1),J_(2),J_(3)and J_(4)treatments(P<0.05),and the dry matter yields of J_(1),J_(2),J_(3)and J_(4)treatments were significantly greater than tha

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 磷营养 丛枝菌根真菌 解磷细菌 干物质产量 磷素利用效率 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]