大城市周边乡村旅游的机遇、挑战和对策——夏威夷茂宜岛的经验  

Opportunities,Challenges and Countermeasures for Rural Tourism around Metropolis-The Experience of Maui,Hawaii

作　　者：李冰洁 姚栋[2] 孙婉桐 LI Bingjie;YAO Dong;SUN Wantong

机构地区：[1]广联达科技股份有限公司 [2]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院、上海市城市更新及其空间优化技术重点实验室 [3]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《住宅科技》2023年第9期52-57,共6页Housing Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“村镇社区分类识别评价与空间优化技术”(编号:2019YFD1100801)。

摘　　要：大城市周边乡村丰富的自然风貌与充足的游客资源在旅游开发中具有独特优势,然而,大量乡村仍难以把握利用自然禀赋、留住城市游客与避免过度开发之间的合理平衡。夏威夷茂宜岛建设世界首个综合型旅游度假区的过程,为大城市周边乡村发展旅游业提供有效借鉴:①设计凸显自然,通过总体规划、开放空间建设与游览路径塑造,可强化乡村自然美,塑造独特风貌体验;②丰富功能服务,通过酒店、商业与娱乐的有机配置并发挥规模效益,可延长城市游客停留时长,提升经济收益;③鼓励居民参与,通过居民在项目设计、建设、经营与优化等方面的全过程参与,积极发现问题,以维护乡村风土、持续循环优化,从而实现利益共赢。The rural areas around metropolis have unique advantages in tourism development for their rich natural landscapes and abundant tourist resources.However,many rural areas still find it difficult to strike a reasonable balance between retaining urban tourists with their natural endowments and avoiding over-development.The process of building the world’s first comprehensive tourist resort in Maui,Hawaii,provides effective reference for rural areas around metropolis to develop tourism:(1)Highlighting the nature in design,it can enhance the natural beauty of the countryside and shape unique landscape experience through overall planning,construction of open spaces and shaping of travel paths;(2)Enriching functional services,it extends the urban tourists retaining time and increasing economic benefit through organic configuration of hotels,commerce and entertainment and bringing economies of scale in play;(3)Encouraging residents to participate,it actively finds and solves problems through residents’whole process participation in project design,construction,operation and optimization in order to maintain rural features and keep circulated optimization thus achieving benefits win-win.

关 键 词：乡村旅游 夏威夷茂宜岛 综合型旅游度假区 乡村振兴 对策 

分 类 号：F597.12[经济管理—旅游管理] F371.2[经济管理—产业经济] F323F592