LDPE/藻粉可降解塑料制备及其力学性能、生物降解性能分析  

Preparation of LDPE/Algae Powder Degradable Plastic and Analysis of Its Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability

作　　者：林小钰 冯磊 李延吉 李明泽 LIN Xiao-yu;FENG Lei;LI Yan-ji;LI Ming-ze(College of Energy and Environment,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学能源与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《塑料科技》2023年第8期71-75,共5页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20180550324);沈阳市关键技术攻关计划(21108926)。

摘　　要：天然高分子物质与高分子聚合物混合可制得填充型可生物降解塑料。但天然大分子的加入导致其力学性能不稳定,填充型可降解塑料还需进一步研究。以低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)为基体,藻粉(螺旋藻)为填充剂,润滑剂(聚乙烯蜡)、增容剂(马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯)、增塑剂(甘油)为添加剂,制备改性LDPE/藻粉复合材料;对其力学性能、热性能和生物降解性能进行测试。结果表明:改性LDPE/30%藻粉复合材料获得最好的力学性能,弯曲强度为9.638 84 MPa,较未改性LDPE/30%藻粉提高了15.7%。改性LDPE/30%藻粉复合材料在厌氧条件下降解30 d获得最高降解率为22.5%。与纯LDPE材料相比,改性LDPE/30%藻粉复合材料作为可生物降解塑料具有潜在的市场应用价值。Filled biodegradable plastics can be prepared by mixing natural polymer materials with polymer.However,the addition of natural macromolecules leads to the instability of its mechanical properties,and the filled degradable plastics need further study.Modified LDPE/algae powder composites were prepared by using low density polyethylene(LDPE)as matrix,algae powder(spirulina)as filler,lubricant(polyethylene wax),compatibilizer(maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene)and plasticizer(glycerol)as additives.Its mechanical properties,thermal properties and biodegradability were tested.The results show that the modified LDPE/30% algae powder composite has the best mechanical properties,and the bending strength is 9.63884 MPa,which is 15.7% higher than that of unmodified LDPE/30% algae powder.The highest degradation rate of modified LDPE/30% algae powder composite is 22.5% after 30 d of degradation under anaerobic conditions.Compared with pure LDPE material,the modified LDPE/30%algae powder composite has potential market application value as a biodegradable plastic.

关 键 词：微藻 低密度聚乙烯 填充型可降解塑料 力学性能 生物降解性 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]