普及互联网使用有助于缩小 农村内部收入差距吗?——来自CLDS村级数据的经验证据  

Does Universal Internet Usage Help Narrow the Intra-rural Income Gap?:Evidence from the CLDS Village-level Data

作　　者：于乐荣[1] 张亮华 廖阳欣 YU Le-rong;ZHANG Liang-hua;LIAO Yang-xin(College of Humanities and Development Studies,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院,北京100193

出　　处：《西部论坛》2023年第4期1-16,共16页West Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BGL212);北京市社会科学基金重大项目(20LLGLA013)。

摘　　要：由于互联网具有普惠性和亲贫性,个体使用互联网对其收入增长的促进作用在群体上表现为互联网使用普及的平均收入增长效应和收入差距缩小效应。采用“中国劳动力动态调查”(CLDS)2014年、2016年、2018年三期的数据,分析互联网使用普及对农村社区(村庄)平均家庭收入和家庭收入差距的影响,结果显示:村庄内使用互联网家庭的占比提高不仅能显著提升平均家庭收入水平,而且会显著降低家庭收入基尼系数,验证了互联网的普惠性和亲贫性;当普及程度小于0.4时互联网使用对家庭收入差距的影响不显著(具有随着互联网使用率提高由正转负的趋势),当普及程度大于0.4后互联网使用对家庭收入差距具有显著的负向影响;互联网使用普及可以通过促进服务业发展、提升劳动力技能等群体改善效应缩小农村内部收入差距。因此,应当加快网络基础设施建设,推进互联网使用在农村地区的普及,着重提高弱势群体对互联网使用的可及性,推动互联网与农村应用场景的深度耦合,充分发挥互联网的普惠性和亲贫性功效,有效促进农村居民的收入水平提升和收入差距缩小。In the era of the digital economy,whether or not the Internet can leverage the advantages of the Internet and information technology to promote balanced income growth among rural residents is an important focus in implementing the strategy for rural revitalization.Existing literature has already confirmed the positive effect of the Internet on farmers’income growth.However,from the perspective of the income gap,research on the impact of the internet on income disparity within rural areas is relatively lacking,and much of it is based on macro statistical data and individual surveys.Can Internet usage help narrow the intra-rural income gap?There is still insufficient research and evidence on this issue.Based on three waves of data from the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey(CLDS)in 2014,2016,and 2018,this paper empirically studies the impact of internet usage on the intra-rural income gap at the village level.The research revealed that internet usage not only had an overall income-generating effect at the village level,and this effect could effectively help push low-and middle-income groups in rural areas to increase their income,thereby narrowing the income gap.The results remained robust after adjusting for sample ranges,replacing the dependent variable and core explanatory variables,and using the instrumental variable method.However,there are restrictive conditions for the impact of Internet usage on income disparity.The analysis using the Generalized Propensity Score Method(GPSM)indicated that when the intensity of Internet usage exceeded 0.4,its usage could significantly reduce the income gap in rural areas.Further research demonstrated that service industry and labor skill upgrading were the possible mechanisms by which the Internet could decrease the income gap.Compared with existing research,this paper expands in two ways:firstly,it uses the village as the basic spatial carrier of rural society to explore the impact of internet usage on income disparity within rural areas from a relatively medium-term pers

关 键 词：互联网使用 增收效应 农村内部收入差距 广义倾向得分匹配 共同富裕 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]