基于智能合约的细粒度数据确权方法  

Fine-grained Data Right Confirmation Method Based on Smart Contracts

作　　者：唐经纬 王玲芳[1,2] 李杨 TANG Jingwei;WANG Lingfang;LI Yang(National Network New Media Engineering Research Center,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院声学研究所、国家网络新媒体工程技术研究中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《网络新媒体技术》2023年第4期23-31,共9页Network New Media Technology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性科技先导专项课题:SEANET技术标准化研究与系统研制(编号:XDC02070100)。

摘　　要：在大数据时代,共享经济发展过程中产生的大规模数据带来巨大的市场,数据资产越来越受到重视,而数据确权是数据资产化的必要过程。传统数据确权方法只考虑了对文件的确权,没有提供更细粒度的确权,从而使权属更加明确。针对分布式场景下的数据确权问题,本文提出了一种基于区块链智能合约的细粒度数据确权方法,结合Merkle树数据结构和多方签名,在保证区块链可用性的条件下,实现数据块粒度的数据确权。实验结果表明,该方法能够实现数据块粒度的确权。相比参照方法,该方法在数据确权验证阶段减少85%以上的验证计算量,以及80%以上的链上验证开销。In the era of big data,the large-scale data generated in the development of the sharing economy may bring a huge market,and data assets are getting more and more attention.Data right confirmation is a necessary process for data capitalization.The traditional data right confirmation method only considers the right confirmation of files,and does not provide more fine-grained right confirmation,so as to make the right clearer and help rights maintenance.This paper proposes a fine-grained data right confirmation method based on smart contracts,combined with Merkle tree data structure and multi-signatures under the condition of ensuring the availability of blockchain,to solve the problem of data right confirmation in distributed scenarios.Experimental results show that,the method can achieve right confirmation at the data block level.Besides,compared with the reference method,it reduces more than 85%of the verification calculation and more than 80%of the on-chain verification overhead in the data verification stage.

关 键 词：区块链 智能合约 MERKLE树 数据确权 数据块 

分 类 号：TP311.13[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]