早期专项化训练对少年儿童身体素质影响作用的实证研究  

The Empirical Study on the Effect of Early Specialized Training on Children’s Physical Fitness

作　　者：申霖 SHEN Lin(Guangzhou College,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学广州学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《南京体育学院学报》2023年第7期62-68,共7页Journal of Nanjing Sports Institute

基　　金：广东哲学社会科学“十三五”规划2020年度后期资助项目(GD20HTY01)。

摘　　要：为探究早期专项化训练对少年儿童身体素质发展的实际影响作用,以足球特色课程为研究内容,选取不同年级阶段少年儿童共340人为研究对象,采用实验前、中、后测试的对照组方法,分别对遵循传统教学内容的对照组与足球特色课程内容的实验组学生进行60周足球单一主题学练内容与多主题学练内容的过程干预,并对测试结果进行比较分析。结论:以足球为主题的课程内容,长期练习后并不会导致小学生身体素质发展不均衡的现象,与进行传统教学的学生相比,从事足球技能内容学练的学生人群在灵敏性、爆发力等方面有较好的改善,特别是在柔韧素质方面提高明显,但在专门性协调项目跳绳中,实验组学生明显差于对照组。建议:在儿童少年成长阶段,可选取运动元素较为丰富、技能要求高、趣味性强的运动项目作为本校特色体育课程,同时还可以围绕主题内容加入补充性的身体素质练习内容,可对少年儿童身体素质及技能系统发展方面产生良好作用。In order to explore the practical impact of early specialized training on the physical fitness development of children,tak‐ing the characteristic course of football as the research content,340 children in different primary school grades were selected as the research objects.The control group method of pre-test,middle test and post-test was used to compare the students in the con‐trol class and the experimental class who followed different practice procedure.Carry out the process intervention of 60 weeks football training content and multi theme training content,and compare and analyze the test results.Conclusion:the curriculum content with football as the theme will not lead to the unbalanced development of primary school students‘physical fitness after long-term practice.Compared with the students in traditional teaching,the students engaged in football training courses have bet‐ter sensitivity and explosive force level,especially in terms of flexibility,the students in the experimental class are significantly worse than those in the control class in rope skipping.It is suggested that the event with high skill demand and rich sports ele‐ments can be added to the thematic teaching course,it can play important role in the development of children’s physical fitness and skills level.

关 键 词：早期专项化训练 足球特色课程 身体素质 实证研究 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]