2600m^(3)浇注型高炉炉缸侵蚀形貌及侵蚀原因分析  

Analysis of erosion morphology and causes of 2600 m^(3) casting type blast furnace hearth

作　　者：王凤民 赵鸿波 张福 迟臣焕 孟照伟 张建良[2] 宋明波 WANG Fengmin;ZHAO Hongbo;ZHANG Fu;CHI Chenhuan;MENG Zhaowei;ZHANG Jianliang;SONG Mingbo(Technical Center,Bengang Group Corporation,Benxi 117000,Liaoning,China;School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]本钢集团有限公司技术中心,辽宁本溪117000 [2]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国冶金》2023年第8期43-53,共11页China Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(52204334)。

摘　　要：为了明确浇注型炉缸的侵蚀特征与侵蚀机理,对国内1座2 600 m^(3)浇注型高炉炉缸侵蚀形貌及侵蚀原因进行了研究。通过破损调查的方式,对停炉后的浇注炉缸进行测量与取样。破损调查过程中炉缸拆除采用逐层拆除方式,拆除过程中对炉缸侧壁浇注料残厚进行了人工测量;在炉缸浇注料与炭砖的结合区域发现了浇注料脆化现象,对浇注料脆化层进行了测量取样;炉缸热面浇注料中发现了明显的渗铁侵蚀现象,使用电镜、XRD等检测手段对服役后浇注料进行研究,明晰了高炉浇注型炉缸的侵蚀原因。研究表明,炉缸侧壁浇注料侵蚀严重的位置位于1号、2号铁口方位,高度上集中在铁口下0.5~1.5 m,其中1号铁口方位17、18层炭砖对应高度的浇注料残厚最小,为180 mm。在浇注料与炭砖界面处发现50~180 mm厚的脆化层,铁口方位的浇注料脆化层平均厚度小于非铁口区域脆化层平均厚度。电镜观察结果表明,炉缸浇注料热面侵蚀的主要原因为高温渣铁渗透侵蚀,浇注料脆化层的形成是高温物相转变、有害元素侵蚀等因素综合作用的结果。浇注型炉缸侧壁脆化层的产生,使得炉缸侧壁浇注料与炭砖结合区域出现气隙,破坏了炉缸的传热体系,使得炉缸浇注料的侵蚀加剧。研究结果可为实现浇注型炉缸的长寿提供参考。In order to clarify erosion characteristics and erosion mechanism of casting hearth,erosion morphology and erosion causes of a 2600 m^(3) blast furnace were studied.By means of damage investigation,the casting hearth was measured and sampled after furnace shutdown.In the process of damage investigation,the hearth was dismantled layer by layer,and the residual thickness of the side wall castables in the hearth was measured manually.The castables embrittlement was found in the joint area of castables and carbon bricks,and the embrittlement layer of castables was measured and sampled.Obvious iron infiltration erosion was found in the hot surface castable of the hearth.The castables after service were studied by means of electron microscope,XRD and other detection methods,and the erosion causes for casting hearth of blast furnace were clarified.The results show that the most eroded castables on the side wall of the hearth are located at the position of No.1 iron taphole and No.2 iron taphole,and are concentrated at 0.5-1.5 m below the iron taphole in height,among them the castable residual thickness of 17th layer and 18th layer of carbon bricks at the position of No.1 iron taphole is the minimum,which is 180 mm.A embrittlement layer with thickness of 50-180 mm is found at the interface between the castable and the carbon brick.The average thickness of the embrittlement layer of castable at the iron taphole orientation is less than that at the non-iron taphole area.The results of electron microscopy show that the erosion of hot surface castables is mainly caused by the penetration of high temperature slag iron,and the formation of castable embrittlement layer is the result of comprehensive action of high temperature phase transition and the erosion of harmful elements.The emergence of embrittlement layer on the side wall of castable hearth makes the air gap appear in the joint area of castables and carbon bricks on the side wall of castable hearth,which destroys the heat transfer system of the hearth,and intensifies t

关 键 词：高炉 炉缸 整体浇注 破损调查 侵蚀 脆化层 

分 类 号：TF573[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]