CBAM对中国钢铁行业的影响和应对策略  

Impact of CBAM on China′s iron and steel industry and strategies

作　　者：李涛 上官方钦 郦秀萍 崔志峰 周继程 倪冰 LI Tao;SHANGGUAN Fangqin;LI Xiuping;CUI Zhifeng;ZHOU Jicheng;NI Bing(Steel Industry Green and Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Center,China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group,Beijing 100081,China;School of Metallurgy and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国钢研科技集团有限公司钢铁绿色化智能化技术中心,北京100081 [2]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国冶金》2023年第8期78-83,91,共7页China Metallurgy

基　　金：钢铁研究总院专项基金项目(事20161190ZD)。

摘　　要：为了更好地应对碳边境调节机制(Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, CBAM)对中国钢铁行业带来的冲击和影响,减缓全球气候变暖,系统地介绍了CBAM的最终法案、计算方法和目前存在的问题。经研究和分析发现,CBAM对中国钢铁行业的影响主要在增加钢铁产品成本、削弱中国钢铁行业国际竞争力、推进中国钢铁行业低碳转型等方面。通过设置不同的碳排放强度和碳市场交易情景,以1 t生铁为例,分析和预测了CBAM法案可能对生铁出口欧盟成本产生的影响。最后,针对性地提出应对策略,如加强中国钢铁行业顶层设计、加强国际合作和交流、进一步推进“六化一体+多平台”发展模式的数字化碳管理建设和应用,在提高钢铁行业的国际影响力和话语权的同时,应该激发钢铁企业节能降碳的主观能动性。In order to better cope with the impact of CBAM(Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism)on China′s iron and steel industry,slow down global warming,the final act,calculation method,and existing problems of CBAM were systematically introduced.Through research and analysis,it was found that the impact of CBAM on China′s iron and steel industry mainly included increasing costs of export product,weakening international competitiveness of China′s iron and steel industry,and promoting low-carbon transformation of the steel industry.By setting different carbon emission intensity and carbon market trading scenarios,taking 1 t pig iron as an example,the possible influence of CBAM act on the cost of pig iron export to the EU was analyzed and predicted.Finally,targeted countermeasures were given,such as strengthening the top-level design of China′s iron and steel industry,strengthening international cooperation and exchanges,further promoting the construction and application of"six integration+multi-platform"model of digital carbon management,while improving the international influence and discourse power of the steel industry,stimulating the subjective initiative of steel enterprises to save energy and reduce carbon.

关 键 词：碳边境调节机制 钢铁行业 贸易影响 应对策略 低碳转型 

分 类 号：F426.31[经济管理—产业经济] X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]