高炉和欧冶炉条件下钒钛炉料软熔行为对比  

Differences of softening and melting behavior for vanadiumtitanium burden under blast furnace and OY furnace conditions

作　　者：尹铖 张生富[1,2] 甘魏 袁万能 温良英[1,2] 白晨光[1,2] YIN Cheng;ZHANG Shengfu;GAN Wei;YUAN Wanneng;WEN Liangying;BAI Chenguang(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongging University,Chongqing 400044,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and Advanced Materials,Chongging University,Chongqing 400044,China;Xinjiang Bayi Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Baosteel Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400044 [2]钒钛冶金及新材料重庆市重点实验室,重庆400044 [3]宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《钢铁》2023年第8期82-92,共11页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2003215);重庆英才计划青年拔尖人才资助项目(CQYC201905039)。

摘　　要：钒钛磁铁矿是一种具有重大经济价值和战略意义的矿产资源。目前,它的主流冶炼工艺——高炉-转炉法存在生产能耗高、操控难度大、资源利用率不高等问题,亟需开发新一代钒钛磁铁矿有价元素分离和提取工艺。欧冶炉是基于COREX工艺优化改造后的熔融还原炼铁技术,具有纯O_(2)喷吹、料柱载荷小等钒钛磁铁矿冶炼的潜在优势。在实验室分别模拟了高炉和欧冶炉的冶炼条件,对比分析了钒钛炉料在2种条件下的软化、熔滴行为差异。结果表明,欧冶炉条件下钒钛炉料由于承受载荷小,高温软化收缩速率慢,在1 450℃时仍维持良好形态,熔滴区间比高炉条件下减小了79℃。高炉条件下钒钛炉料压差曲线由于渣铁熔化和炉渣泡沫化出现2次陡升,呈现“双升型”特征,而欧冶炉条件下炉料压差呈现“单升型”特征,熔化至滴落期间料层压差未见明显增加。高炉和欧冶炉条件下的钒钛炉料在高温区(滴落带)均出现了炉渣泡沫化现象,但欧冶炉的无N2还原气氛抑制了高熔点相Ti(C,N)的生成,欧冶炉条件下TiC理论生成温度为1 481℃;高炉条件下Ti(C,N)理论生成温度仅为1 219℃。证实了欧冶炉工艺条件提高了钒钛炉料的料层透气透液性,削弱了炉渣泡沫化程度,有利于钒钛磁铁矿冶炼过程的平稳顺行。Vanadium-titanium magnetite is a mineral resource with great economic value and strategic significance.At present,its main processing method is the blast furnace-converter technology in current.This method has many disadvantages,such as high energy consumption,difficult operation and low resource utilization.There is an urgent need to develop a new extraction and separation technology valuable element for vanadium-titanium magnetite.OY furnace is a kind of melting reduction ironmaking process optimized based on COREX.It has the potential advantages of smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite such as pure O_(2)injection and lower burden load.The differences of softening and melting behavior of vanadium-titanium burden between blast furnace(BF)and OY furnace(OYF)were researched.The results showed that the softening shrinkage rate of DRI under OYF conditions was smaller duo to lower burden load than BF conditions.The DRI under OYF conditions was maintained a good morphology even at 1450℃,and its temperature range of melting and dropping was declined by 79℃compared with that in BF conditions.Moreover,the pressure drop of vanadium-titanium burden under blast furnace condition rises sharply twice due to the melting of slag and iron,and the foaming of slag,showing the characteristics of"multiple increases".The pressure drop of DRI under OYF conditions did not increase from melting to dropping,showing the characteristics of"single increases".Although the phenomenon of slag foaming appeared in the high temperature zone,namely drop ping zone of both BF and OYF,the N2-free reducing atmosphere in the OYF inhibited the formation of high melting point phase Ti(C,N).The theoretical generation temperature of TiC in OYF is 1481℃,the theoretical generation temperature of Ti(C,N)in BF is only 1219℃.This study prove that the conditions of OYF improve the gas and liquid permeability of the vanadium-titanium burden,weaken the slag foaming,and are favorable for the smelting of vanadium-titanium magnetite.

关 键 词：高炉 欧冶炉 钒钛炉料 软化熔滴 Ti(C N) 

分 类 号：TF53[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]