芦苇秸秆纤维脱胶工艺  

Degumming technology of reed straw fiber

作　　者：符多情 刘拯 王天骄 蒋依萱 杨银芝 曹新旺 FU Duoqing;LIU Zheng;WANG Tianjiao;JIANG Yixuan;YANG Yinzhi;CAO Xinwang(College of Textiles Science and Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;College of Textile,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学纺织科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430200 [2]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620 [3]武汉纺织大学纺织材料与先进加工技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《纺织高校基础科学学报》2023年第4期8-12,共5页Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(51503162);国家大学生创新训练计划项目(201910495014);湖北省技术创新专项(2019AAA005)。

摘　　要：作为天然纤维素纤维制备原料的芦苇秸秆通常被焚烧处理,对环境造成污染,其利用率极低。针对芦苇纤维制备工艺脱胶时间长、处理工序复杂等缺点,采用高温碱氧一浴法脱胶工艺从芦苇秸秆中获取芦苇纤维,以期将其用于纺织或其他高性能产品。以脱胶率为测试指标,设计正交试验,分析脱胶工艺中氢氧化钠、过氧化氢用量及处理温度和时间对脱胶性能的影响,并用红外光谱表征其化学结构。最终得到脱胶的最佳工艺参数为氢氧化钠质量浓度35 g/L,过氧化氢体积分数3%,煮练温度85℃,碱煮时间2.5 h,此时纤维脱胶率为54.30%。红外光谱分析结果表明脱胶后的芦苇纤维中非纤维素成分大幅减少。Reed straw,as a raw material for the preparation of natural cellulose fiber,is usually burned,which causes pollution to the environment and its utilization rate is extremely low.In this paper,in view of the shortcomings of long degumming time and complex processing procedure in reed fiber preparation process,reed fibers were obtained from reed straw by using the high temperature alkali oxygen one bath degumming process,which is aimed to be used in textile or other high performance products.Taking degumming rate as the test index,the effects of the dosage of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide,treatment temperature and time on the degumming rate were discussed by orthogonal experiment,and the changes of chemical composition were investigated by infrared spectrum.Finally,the optimal process parameters for degumming were obtained as follows:the dosage of sodium hydroxide was 35 g/L,the dosage of hydrogen peroxide was 3%,the boiling temperature was 85℃,and the alkali boiling time was 2.5 h.The fiber degumming rate was 54.30%.The infrared spectrum showed that the non-cellulose content of reed fiber was greatly reduced after degummed.

关 键 词：芦苇秸秆纤维 碱氧一浴法 脱胶率 红外光谱 

分 类 号：TS102.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]