纳米铁-生物质炭复合材料对苋菜吸收累积菲的影响  

Effects of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Biochar on Uptake and Accumulation of Phenanthrene in Amaranthus Tricolor L.

作　　者：沈连舟 蔡月 孙昭玥 蒲丽蓉 施维林[1] 高娟[2] SHEN Lianzhou;CAI Yue;SUN Zhaoyue;PU Lirong;SHI Weilin;GAO Juan(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215009,China;Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《土壤》2023年第4期848-859,共12页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41991331);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0207000);江苏省重点研发计划(社会发展)面上项目(BE2020789)资助。

摘　　要：本文探究了纳米铁–生物质炭复合材料(nZVIBC)及其两种组成成分纳米零价铁(nZVI)和纳米生物质炭(nBC)添加到菲污染土壤后对土壤理化性质、苋菜生理功能以及菲在土壤–植物系统中迁移转化的影响。结果表明:nZVIBC的添加使土壤总有机碳含量提高为对照组的1.38倍,显著提高了土壤中菲的非解吸态占比(41.1%),显著降低苋菜根对土壤菲的生物富集系数(85.7%),抑制了土壤中菲的迁移能力;同时,nZVIBC的添加造成土壤中菲的残留量增至对照组的8.6倍,使苋菜地上和地下部分菲的积累量分别显著增加了42.9%和37.9%;此外,nZVIBC添加造成苋菜地下部分Fe含量上升42.0%,Mn含量显著降低74.9%。由于Fe元素和菲含量增加而导致的氧化胁迫,苋菜生物量显著降低了55.8%,但生物膜并未受到严重损伤。研究结果表明,nZVI会对苋菜正常生理功能和抗氧化能力带来不利影响,而nBC能够引起土壤有机质及菲含量形态的改变。nZVIBC作为多环芳烃(PAHs)污染修复材料可以有效降低土壤PAHs的迁移转化,适合用于土壤有机污染的原位化学修复,具有良好的应用前景。In this study,pot experiments of amaranth were carried out with phenanthrene-polluted soils separately mixed with nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI),nanoscale biochar(nBC)and nanoscale zero-valent iron biochar(nZVIBC)to investigate the effects of materials on soil physicochemical properties,amaranth physiological function and the migration and transformation of phenanthrene in soil-plant system.The results indicate that the application of nZVIBC increases the SOM to 1.38 times that of the control group and significantly increases non-desorbing fraction of phenanthrene(by 41.1%),while decreases roots bioconcentration factor of amaranth to phenanthrene(by 85.7%),which evidences the migration capability of soil phenanthrene is inhibited.Nevertheless,the addition of nZVIBC causes the residual amount of soil phenanthrene increase to 8.6 times that of material-free soil and increase the uptake and accumulation of phenanthrene in shoots and roots of amaranth by 42.9%and 37.9%,respectively.In addition,nZVIBC results in a raise of Fe content(42.0%)and a drop of Mn content(74.9%)in roots of amaranth,and finally reduces its fresh biomass significantly(55.8%),which is linked to the oxidative stress due to increased Fe and phenanthrene content.Two components in composite caused different effects,nZVI adversely affects the normal physiological function and antioxidant capacity of amaranth,while nBC induces alterations in SOM and phenanthrene content patterns.As a contamination remediation material of PAHs,nZVIBC effectively decreases the migration and transformation of soil phenanthrene and is suitable for in-situ chemical remediation of soil organic contamination.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 生物可利用性 生态效应 迁移转化 氧化应激 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]