厨余垃圾沼渣堆肥与化学改良剂对城市搬迁地土壤团聚体形成的影响  

Effects of Food Waste Biogas Residue Composting and Chemical Amendments on the Formation of Soil Aggregates in Urban Relocation Sites

作　　者：伍海兵 马想 梁晶 WU Haibing;MA Xiang;LIANG Jing(Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning,Shanghai 200232,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites,Shanghai 200232,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学规划研究院,上海200232 [2]上海城市困难立地绿化工程技术研究中心,上海200232

出　　处：《土壤》2023年第4期911-917,共7页Soils

基　　金：上海市科委科技创新行动计划科技支撑碳达峰碳中和专项(21DZ1209403)资助。

摘　　要：为改善城市土壤团粒结构,以上海典型搬迁地土壤为研究对象,通过室外培养试验,研究了不同用量厨余垃圾沼渣堆肥和化学改良剂分别单施以及混施对土壤水稳定性团聚体、团粒结构形成的影响。结果表明:20%、30%沼渣堆肥单施处理可显著增加搬迁地土壤0.5~1.0、1.0~2.0 mm粒径大团聚体以及0.106~0.25 mm粒径微团聚体质量分数(P<0.05),而显著降低<0.106 mm粒径微团聚体质量分数(P<0.05)。化学改良剂β-环糊精单施处理可显著增加土壤微团聚体总量(P<0.05);3 kg/m^(3)用量硫酸钙、氧化铁单施处理均可显著促进土壤大团聚体的形成(P<0.05)。沼渣堆肥和化学改良剂混施处理较单施处理显著增加土壤>2.0、0.25~0.5 mm粒径大团聚体质量分数(P<0.05),而降低<0.106 mm粒径微团聚体质量分数(P<0.05)。在沼渣堆肥处理中,以20%沼渣堆肥添加量对土壤团粒结构改良效果最佳;在化学改良剂处理中,以3 kg/m^(3)硫酸钙处理对土壤团粒结构改良效果最佳,其次是3 kg/m^(3)氧化铁处理。WG_(20)+SM_(mix)处理(20%沼渣堆肥+化学改良剂混施)对搬迁地土壤团粒结构改良效果最佳,团粒结构达19.03%,较CK(对照组)、SM_(mix)(化学改良剂混施)、WG_(20)(20%沼渣堆肥)处理分别提高了94.0%、73.5%和26.0%。In order to improve aggregate structure of urban soil,the effects of single application of food waste biogas residue composting(BRC),chemical amendment(CA)and mixed application of BRC and CA on the formation of soil water-stable aggregates and their structures were studied in a typical relocation site in Shanghai by outdoor cultivation experiments.The results showed that 20%and 30%BRC significantly increased large aggregates of 0.5-1.0 mm and 1.0-2.0 mm diameters and micro-aggregates of 0.106-0.25 mm diameter in relocation site(P<0.05),while significantly decreased micro-aggregates of<0.106 mm diameter(P<0.05).β-cyclodextrin increased the total amount of micro-aggregates significantly(P<0.05).3 kg/m^(3)calcium sulfate and ferric oxide significantly promoted the formation of large aggregates(P<0.05).The combined application of BRC and CA significantly increased large aggregates of>2.0 mm and 0.25-0.5 mm diameters(P<0.05),but decreased micro-aggregates of<0.106 mm diameter compared with the single application of BRC or CA(P<0.05).On the improvement of aggregate structure,20%BRC had the best effect in BRC treatments,while 3 kg/m^(3)calcium sulfate had the best effect in CA treatments,followed by 3 kg/m^(3)iron oxide,while WG_(20)+SM_(mix)(20%BRC+1 kg/m^(3)ofβ-cyclodextrin,calcium sulfate and iron oxide,respectively)had the best effect in the combined BRC and CA treatments,whose aggregate structure reached 19.03%,increased by 94.0%,73.5%and 26.0%respectively compared with CK(100%soil),SM_(mix)(1 kg/m^(3)ofβ-cyclodextrin,calcium sulfate and iron oxide,respectively)and WG20(20%BRC).

关 键 词：厨余垃圾沼渣堆肥 化学改良剂 团聚体 团粒结构 搬迁地 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S152.5[农业科学—农业基础科学]