从师生关系角度探讨教师心理健康的维护和促进——基于心理动力学的视角  

An Exploration of the Maintenance and Promotion of Teachers′Mental Health from the Angle of Teacher-Student Relationship:Based on the Perspective of Psychodynamics

作　　者：吴明霞 WU Mingxia(Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《教师发展研究》2023年第3期12-18,共7页Teacher Development Research

摘　　要：师生关系是教师工作的起点和背景。从心理动力学视角来理解师生关系,不难发现:师生关系是一种依恋关系,教师是学生的重要他人;师生关系也是一种移情关系,学生或教师的某些过去内化的关系模型会在当下关系中再现。高质量的师生互动是修正学生的内部关系模型、矫正其关系体验的媒介和枢纽,也是教师价值感与效能感的体现。教师运用反移情来理解学生,涵容问题学生带来的负性情感,能帮助其保持理性与智慧。将心理动力学概念运用到教师工作中,开展教师工作讨论小组,可涵容教师的负面情感。The teacher-student relationship is the starting point and background of teachers′work.To understand the teacher-student relationship from the perspective of psychodynamics,it is not difficult to find that the teacher-student relationship is a kind of attachment relationship in which the teacher is the important other of the student;and that the teacher-student relationship is also a kind of empathic relationship,and some of the past internalized relationship models of the student or teacher are reproduced in the current relationship.High-quality teacher-student interaction is not only the medium and hub to correct students′internal relationship model and their relationship experience,but also the embodiment of teachers′sense of value and efficacy.Teachers use counter-transference to understand students and bear with the negative emotions brought by problematic students,which can help them maintain rationality and wisdom.Applying the concept of psychodynamics to teachers′work and organizing teacher work discussion groups can help to bear with teachers′negative emotions.

关 键 词：心理动力学 师生关系 认知信任 教师工作讨论小组 教师心理健康 

分 类 号：G443[哲学宗教—心理学]