昆明主城区高收入人口的居住空间结构与区位选择特征  

Spatial structure and location choice characteristic of high-incomepopulation in Kunming's Main Urban District

作　　者：王洋 武友德[1,2] 吴映梅[1,2] 李灿松[1,2] 岳晓丽 WANG Yang;WU Youde;WU Yingmei;LI Cansong;YUE Xiaoli(Faculty of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Geopolitical Setting of Southwest China and Borderland Development,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Guangzhou Institute of Geography,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510070,China;School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510090,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学地理学部,昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心,昆明650500 [3]广东省科学院广州地理研究所,广州510070 [4]广东工业大学建筑与城市规划学院,广州510090

出　　处：《地理研究》2023年第8期2104-2120,共17页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871150);云南省基础研究计划项目(202301AT070062)。

摘　　要：目前采用大样本收入数据分析城市内部高收入人口居住空间结构及其区位选择特征的成果仍不多见。鉴于此,本文借助手机APP用户大数据开展全覆盖式研究。以昆明主城区680个街区为分析单元,以2021年4—6月的高收入人口比例为基本数据,分析街区高收入人口比例的分布特征并识别高收入人口空间集聚区。构建高收入人口居住区位选择因素指标体系并采用空间回归模型分析主要影响因素,进而剖析高收入人口空间集聚区形成的驱动机制。结果表明:①不同圈层地域的街区高收入人口比例分布差异较大,异质性由内圈层向外圈层逐渐增强;②高收入人口比例较高的街区主要集聚分布在北市区的金辰-红云-世博片区和南市区的滇池路片区,位于城市外圈层;③住房情况(房龄、住房价格)、便利性(著名小学可达性、日常消费便利性)、居住环境(邻避设施邻近性、工厂邻近性)、居住档次和氛围(居民消费水平、居住纯度)对高收入人口居住区位选择影响显著;④由城市发展战略和城市规划的制度因素驱动,自身优越位置吸引优质要素导入,进而吸引高收入人口迁入是昆明主城区高收入人口集聚区的形成机制,可总结为“新城绅士化”现象。At present,there are still few research results that use large sample income data to analyze the intra-urban spatial structure of high-income population and their location choice characteristic.This study consequently conducted a full-coverage study with the help of mobile phone users of APP big data.Using 680 blocks in Kunming's Main Urban District as the unit of analysis,and the proportion of the high-income population from April 2021 to June 2021 as the basic data,we analyzed the distribution characteristics of high-income population proportions in the blocks and identified the spatial clusters of the high-income population.We constructed the index system of residential location choice factors for high-income population and use a spatial regression model to analyze the core influencing factors,and then dissect the driving mechanism of the formation of spatial agglomerations in high-income population.The results show that:(1)The distribution of the proportion of high-income population in blocks of different circles varies greatly,and the heterogeneity gradually increases from the inner to the outer circle.(2)The blocks with a high proportion of high-income population are mainly clustered in the Jinchen-Hongyun-Expo area in the northern urban area and the Dianchi Road area in the southern urban area,which are located in the outer circle of the city.(3)The housing situation(age,housing prices),convenience(accessibility to key primary schools,daily consumption),living environment(proximity to neighboring facilities,proximity to factories),living class and atmosphere(residents'consumption level,living purity)exert a significant influence on the residential location choice of high-income population.(4)Driven by the institutional factors of urban development strategy and urban planning,the superior location of the area itself attracts the import of high-quality factors,which in turn attracts the high-income population to move in,and this is the formation mechanism of high-income population clusters in Kunming's Main

关 键 词：高收入人口 居住空间结构 居住分异 新城绅士化 手机大数据 昆明 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学] C913.31