2014年—2021年鄂尔多斯市手足口病病原监测结果分析  

Surveillance and analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Ordos from 2014 to 2021

作　　者：高美琴[1] 刘敏 冀林立[1] 杨伟[1] 杨春燕[1] 靳尚武[1] GAO Mei-qin;LIU Min;JI Lin-li;YANG Wei;YANG Chun-yan;JIN Shang-wu(Ordos Municipal Center of Disease Control and Prevention,Inner Mongolia 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]鄂尔多斯市疾病预防控制中心,内蒙古017000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2023年第15期1915-1917,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的分析2014年—2021年鄂尔多斯市手足口病的病原学检测结果,探讨手足口病流行特征,为鄂尔多斯市手足口病防控提供科学依据。方法收集鄂尔多斯市各旗区疾病预防控制中心采集的疑似手足口病例样本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR对肠道病毒通用型(EV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A16(CoxA16)进行特异性核酸检测。结果8年共采集样本2579份,检出肠道病毒阳性1578份,阳性率为61.2%,其中CoxA16、EV71、其他肠道病毒阳性率分别为23.1%(596/2579)、15.1%(390/2579)、23.0%(592/2579)。每月都有病例报告,5月—7月为发病高峰,10月会再次出现高峰;3岁~组阳性率最高(66.2%),5岁~组次之,阳性率为65.3%,7岁以后检出人数降低;男女检测阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.091,P=0.763)。结论8年间病原交替出现,每年病毒优势株不同,近几年总体以其他肠道病毒为主。提示应加强其他肠道病毒病原学的检测和分型,同时应加强高发场所的危险因素研究,为防控策略的制定提供科学依据。Objective This paper aims to analyze the etiological detection results of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Ordos from 2014 to 2021,explore the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD in Ordos.Methods Samples of suspected HFMD cases were collected from the centers for disease control and prevention(CDC)in all districts of Ordos.Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was adopted to detect the specific nucleic acid of enterovirus universal(EV),enterovirus 71(EV71)and coxsackie virus A16(CoxA16).Results A total of 2579 samples were collected in the past 8 years,and 1578 samples were positive for enteroviruses,with a positive rate of 61.2%.The positive rates of CoxA16,EV71 and other enteroviruses were 23.1%(596/2579),15.1%(390/2579)and 23.0%(592/2579)respectively.Cases were reported every month,with the peak from May to July and again in October.The highest positive rate(66.2%)was found in the 3 year-old group and the second highest positive rate was 65.3%in the group of 5 year-old group.After 7 years old,the number of detected cases decreased.There was no statistical significance on the difference in the positive rate between men and women(χ^(2)=0.091,P=0.763).Conclusion Pathogens appeared alternately in 8 years,and the dominant virus strains were different every year.In recent years,other enteroviruses were the main pathogens.It is suggested that the detection and typing of other enteroviruses should be strengthened,and the study of risk factors in high-risk areas should be strengthened to provide scientific basis for the development of HFMD prevention and control strategies.

关 键 词：手足口病 病原分析 肠道病毒71型 柯萨奇病毒A16型 

分 类 号：R183.4[医药卫生—流行病学]